ReviewFrontiers in pediatrics2015
Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Management of Edema in Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome.
Review in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dynamic Evolution Characteristics and Nursing Intervention Windows of Perioperative Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Lower Extremity Traumatic Fractures: A Prospective Cohort Study.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2026Article
- Reassessing the IVC/Aorta Index in Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome: Methodology Matters.Indian pediatrics · 2026Article
- Machine learning model for predicting severe infection in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: multicenter retrospective study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Comparison of Sequential versus Concurrent Albumin and Furosemide in Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome Patients: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2025Article
- Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis and phase angle to verify early hydration status and prognosis in hospitalized children with nephrotic syndrome: an exploratory case series.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Clinical relevance of proteinuria selectivity index and fractional excretion of sodium in patients with nephrotic syndrome.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Vancomycin Dose Needed to Achieve 24-Hour Area Under the Concentration-Time Curve to Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Ratio Greater Than or Equal to 400 Using Pharmacometric Approaches in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients.Critical care explorations · 2024Article
- Nephrotic Syndrome: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Oral Furosemide and Hydrochlorothiazide/Amiloride versus Intravenous Furosemide for the Treatment of Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Anasarca as a manifestation of childhood volvulus: Diagnostic and management challenges in an 11-year old Nigerian boy.Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2023Article
- Nephrotic Syndrome Complications - New and Old. Part 1.Maedica · 2022Article
- Mechanisms and management of edema in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Review
- Current Perspectives in Management of Edema in Nephrotic Syndrome.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2020Review
- Sera From Patients With Minimal Change Disease Increase Endothelial Permeability to Sodium.Kidney international reports · 2020Article
- Amiloride resolves resistant edema and hypertension in a patient with nephrotic syndrome; a case report.Physiological reports · 2018Article
- Nephrotic Syndrome: Oedema Formation and Its Treatment With Diuretics.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Review
- Fluid Redistribution in Sleep Apnea: Therapeutic Implications in Edematous States.Frontiers in medicine · 2017Review
- Clinical Pharmacology Studies in Critically Ill Children.Pharmaceutical research · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Generalized edema is a major presenting clinical feature of children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) exemplified by such primary conditions as minimal change disease (MCD). In these children with classical NS and marked proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia, the ensuing tendency to hypovolemia triggers compensatory physiological mechanisms, which enhance renal sodium (Na(+)) and water retention; this is known as the "underfill hypothesis." Edema can also occur in secondary forms of NS and several other glomerulonephritides, in which the degree of proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia, are variable. In contrast to MCD, in these latter conditions, the predominant mechanism of edema formation is "primary" or "pathophysiological," Na(+) and water retention; this is known as the "overfill hypothesis." A major clinical challenge in children with these disorders is to distinguish the predominant mechanism of edema formation, identify other potential contributing factors, and prevent the deleterious effects of diuretic regimens in those with unsuspected reduced effective circulatory volume (i.e., underfill). This article reviews the Starling forces that become altered in NS so as to tip the balance of fluid movement in favor of edema formation. An understanding of these pathomechanisms then serves to formulate a more rational approach to prevention, evaluation, and management of such edema.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.