Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26792217›Full record

SynthesisBMJ open2016

Quantifying the risk of heart disease following acute ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of over 50,000 participants.

Trishna Gunnoo, Nazeeha Hasan, Muhammad Saleem Khan, Julia Slark, Paul Bentley, Pankaj Sharma

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Effects of cardiac rehabilitation with and without meditation on myocardial blood flow using quantitative positron emission tomography: A pilot study.Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology · 2021
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  13. Acyclic graphs to define models of relationships between human cytomegalovirus, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in UK Biobank.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
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  18. Unravelling the role of electrocardiogram changes and ejection fraction in ischaemic stroke outcomes.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Trishna GunnooDepartment of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Nazeeha HasanDepartment of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Muhammad Saleem KhanDepartment of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Julia SlarkFaculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Paul BentleyDepartment of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Pankaj SharmaAshford & St Peters Hospital, Surrey, UK Institute of Cardiovascular Research Royal Holloway University of London (ICR2UL), London, UK.
Imperial College London · GBRoyal Holloway University of London · GBUniversity of Auckland · NZ

Funding

Department of HealthMedical Research Council
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveFollowing an acute stroke, there is a high risk of recurrence. However, the leading cause of mortality following a stroke is due to coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI) but that risk has not been robustly quantified. We sought to reliably quantify the risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in patients presenting with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) in the absence of a known cardiac history.

settingA meta-analysis study. PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar were searched for potential studies up to October 2015. Included studies reported an acute cerebral ischaemic event and followed for CAD or MI within 1 year in patients without known IHD. Using arcsine transformed proportions for meta-analysis, studies were combined using a generic inverse variance random-effects model to calculate the pooled standardised mean difference and 95% CIs. These were interpreted as the percentage prevalence of CAD or incidence of MI following AIS.

results17 studies with 4869 patients with AIS demonstrated a mean average of asymptomatic CAD in 52%. Anatomical methods of CAD detection revealed a prevalence of asymptomatic ≥ 50% coronary stenosis in 32% (95% CI 19% to 47%; p<0.00001). 8 studies with 47229 patients with ischaemic stroke revealed an overall risk of MI in the year following stroke of 3% (95% CI 1% to 5%; p<0.00001) despite the absence of any cardiac history.

conclusionsOne-third of patients with ischaemic stroke with no cardiac history have more than 50% coronary stenosis and 3% are at risk of developing MI within a year. Our findings provide a reliable quantitative measure of the risk of IHD following AIS in patients with no cardiac history.

Indexed as

AgedCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary StenosisFemaleHeart DiseasesHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionRisk FactorsStroke

Identifiers

PMID26792217
PMCPMC4735313
OpenAlexW2264576190

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.