ArticlePloS one2016
Thymosin Beta-4 Suppresses Osteoclastic Differentiation and Inflammatory Responses in Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) Regulates Cellular Senescence and Osteoclastogenesis via STAT3/ERK and p65/AP-1 Pathways in Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- The role of wnt signaling in diabetes-induced osteoporosis.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2023Review
- WISP1 alleviates lipid deposition in macrophages via the PPARγ/CD36 pathway in the plaque formation of atherosclerosis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2020Article
- Electrospun thymosin Beta-4 loaded PLGA/PLA nanofiber/ microfiber hybrid yarns for tendon tissue engineering application.Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications · 2020Article
- Improving hard palate wound healing using immune modulatory autotherapies.Acta biomaterialia · 2019Article
- Article
- Thymosin β4 prevents oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced injury in rat cortical neurons.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2019Article
- Macrophage-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Alarmins and Their Potential Involvement in Bone Homeostasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Salidroside promotes human periodontal ligament cell proliferation and osteocalcin secretion via ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- Moonlighting Activity of Secreted Inflammation-Regulatory Proteins.Yonsei medical journal · 2018Review
- Thymosin β4 in rheumatoid arthritis: Friend or foe.Biomedical reports · 2017Article
- Nrf2 Inhibits Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell Apoptosis under Excessive Oxidative Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Article
- Thymosin beta 10 is a key regulator of tumorigenesis and metastasis and a novel serum marker in breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2017Article
- Follicle-stimulating hormone enhances alveolar bone resorption via upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2.American journal of translational research · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecent reports suggest that thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) is a key regulator for wound healing and anti-inflammation. However, the role of Tβ4 in osteoclast differentiation remains unclear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Tβ4 expression in H2O2-stimulated human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), the effects of Tβ4 activation on inflammatory response in PDLCs and osteoclastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), and identify the underlying mechanism.
methodsReverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions and Western blot analyses were used to measure mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Osteoclastic differentiation was assessed in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) using conditioned medium (CM) from H2O2-treated PDLCs.
resultsTβ4 was down-regulated in H2O2-exposed PDLCs in dose- and time-dependent manners. Tβ4 activation with a Tβ4 peptide attenuated the H2O2-induced production of NO and PGE2 and up-regulated iNOS, COX-2, and osteoclastogenic cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17) as well as reversed the effect on RANKL and OPG in PDLCs. Tβ4 peptide inhibited the effects of H2O2 on the activation of ERK and JNK MAPK, and NF-κB in PDLCs. Furthermore, Tβ4 peptide inhibited osteoclast differentiation, osteoclast-specific gene expression, and p38, ERK, and JNK phosphorylation and NF-κB activation in RANKL-stimulated BMMs. In addition, H2O2 up-regulated Wnt5a and its cell surface receptors, Frizzled and Ror2 in PDLCs. Wnt5a inhibition by Wnt5a siRNA enhanced the effects of Tβ4 on H2O2-mediated induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and osteoclastogenic cytokines as well as helping osteoclastic differentiation whereas Wnt5a activation by Wnt5a peptide reversed it.
conclusionIn conclusion, this study demonstrated, for the first time, that Tβ4 was down-regulated in ROS-stimulated PDLCs as well as Tβ4 activation exhibited anti-inflammatory effects and anti-osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Thus, Tβ4 activation might be a therapeutic target for inflammatory osteolytic disease, such as periodontitis.
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