Trial reportVaccine2016
Infant vaccination timing: Beyond traditional coverage metrics for maximizing impact of vaccine programs, an example from southern Nepal.
Trial report in Vaccine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Vaccination timeliness and delay in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the literature, 2007-2017.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Population-Based Pertussis Incidence and Risk Factors in Infants Less Than 6 Months in Nepal.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2017Trial
- "She vaccinated my baby and that's all…" Immunisation decision-making and experiences among refugee mothers resettled in Aotearoa New Zealand.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Timeliness of routine childhood vaccination in 103 low-and middle-income countries, 1978-2021: A scoping review to map measurement and methodological gaps.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Age-appropriate vaccination coverage and its determinants in children aged 12-36 months in Nepal: a national and subnational assessment.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Article
- Vaccination Status and Associated Factors among Street Children 9-24 Months Old in Sidama Region, Ethiopia.Annals of global health · 2020Article
- The trend of full vaccination coverage in infants and inequalities by wealth quintile and maternal education: analysis from four recent demographic and health surveys in Nepal.BMC public health · 2019Article
- The quality of preventive care for pre-school aged children in Australian general practice.BMC medicine · 2019Article
- Assessment of Socio-Demographic Factors, Mother and Child Health Status, Water, Sanitation, and Hygienic Conditions Existing in a Hilly Rural Village of Nepal.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Impact of vaccination delay on deaths averted by pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: Modeled effects in 8 country scenarios.Vaccine · 2019Article
- Article
- Burden and Risk Factors for Coronavirus Infections in Infants in Rural Nepal.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
- Delayed measles vaccination of toddlers in Canada: Associated socio-demographic factors and parental knowledge, attitudes and beliefs.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Article
- Unintended pregnancy and its impact on childhood rotavirus immunization in Peru.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2018Article
- Vaccine hesitancy among caregivers and association with childhood vaccination timeliness in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Article
- Hepatitis B vaccination in Nepalese infants: The present scenario.Nepal journal of epidemiology · 2017Article
- Vaccination coverage and immunization timeliness among children aged 12-23 months in Senegal: a Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis approach.The Pan African medical journal · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmunization programs currently measure coverage by assessing the proportion of children 12-24 months who have been immunized but this does not address the important question of when the scheduled vaccines were administered. Data capturing the timing of vaccination in first 6 months, when severe disease is most likely to occur, are limited.
objectiveTo estimate the time to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) (recommended at birth), diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-H, influenza b-hepatitis B (DTP-Hib-HepB), and oral polio vaccine (OPV) (recommended at 6, 10, and 14 weeks) vaccinations and risk factors for vaccination delay in infants <6 months of age in a district in southern Nepal where traditional coverage metrics are high. DESIGN/
methodsInfants enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of maternal influenza vaccination were visited weekly at home from birth through age 6 months to ascertain if any vaccinations had been given in the prior week. Infant, maternal, and household characteristics were recorded. BCG, DTP-Hib-HepB, and OPV vaccination coverage at 4 and 6 months was estimated. Time to vaccination was estimated through Kaplan-Meier curves; Cox-proportional hazards models were used to examine risk factors for delay for the first vaccine.
resultsThe median age of BCG, first OPV and DTP-Hib-HepB receipt was 22, 21, and 18 weeks, respectively. Almost half of infants received no BCG by age 6 months. Only 8% and 7% of infants had received three doses of OPV and DTP-Hib-HepB, respectively, by age 6 months.
conclusionA significant delay in receipt of infant vaccines was found in a prospective, population-based, cohort in southern Nepal despite traditional coverage metrics being high. Immunization programs should consider measuring time to receipt relative to the official schedule in order to maximize benefits for disease control and child health.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.