ReviewTherapeutic advances in neurological disorders2016
Exploring potential mechanisms of action of natalizumab in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
Review in Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Present and Future of Monoclonal Antibody Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- A disproportionality analysis of nervous system adverse events associated with disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis: insights from the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS).Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Hyperresponsiveness of Corticoid-Resistant Th17/Tc-17 Cells to TLR-2 and TLR-4 Ligands is a Feature of Multiple Sclerosis Patients at Higher Risk of Therapy Failure.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Natalizumab Treatment of Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Has No Long-Term Effects on the Proportion of Circulating Regulatory T Cells.Neurology and therapy · 2023Article
- MicroRNAs as a possible biomarker in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2022Review
- Understanding polyomavirus CNS disease - a perspective from mouse models.The FEBS journal · 2022Review
- What Have Failed, Interrupted, and Withdrawn Antibody Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis Taught Us?Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2022Review
- Economic burden of multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional study in Iran.Health economics review · 2022Article
- Autoreactive lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis: Pathogenesis and treatment target.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Effects of Fingolimod and Natalizumab on Brain T1-/T2-Weighted and Magnetization Transfer Ratios: a 2-Year Study.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2021Article
- The Neuroimmunology of Multiple Sclerosis: Fictions and Facts.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
- Failed, Interrupted, or Inconclusive Trials on Immunomodulatory Treatment Strategies in Multiple Sclerosis: Update 2015-2020.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2020Review
- Molecular Effects of FDA-Approved Multiple Sclerosis Drugs on Glial Cells and Neurons of the Central Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Passive Immunotherapies for Central Nervous System Disorders: Current Delivery Challenges and New Approaches.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common and chronic central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating disease and a leading cause of permanent disability. Patients most often present with a relapsing-remitting disease course, typically progressing over time to a phase of relentless advancement in secondary progressive MS (SPMS), for which approved disease-modifying therapies are limited. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of SPMS and the rationale and clinical potential for natalizumab, which is currently approved for the treatment of relapsing forms of MS, to exert beneficial effects in reducing disease progression unrelated to relapses in SPMS. In both forms of MS, active brain-tissue injury is associated with inflammation; but in SPMS, the inflammatory response occurs at least partly behind the blood-brain barrier and is followed by a cascade of events, including persistent microglial activation that may lead to chronic demyelination and neurodegeneration associated with irreversible disability. In patients with relapsing forms of MS, natalizumab therapy is known to significantly reduce intrathecal inflammatory responses which results in reductions in brain lesions and brain atrophy as well as beneficial effects on clinical measures, such as reduced frequency and severity of relapse and reduced accumulation of disability. Natalizumab treatment also reduces levels of cerebrospinal fluid chemokines and other biomarkers of intrathecal inflammation, axonal damage and demyelination, and has demonstrated the ability to reduce innate immune activation and intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis in patients with MS. The efficacy of natalizumab therapy in SPMS is currently being investigated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.