Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26785346›Full record

ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2015

Silymarin as a Natural Antioxidant: An Overview of the Current Evidence and Perspectives.

Peter F Surai

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04490967 (Topical Silymarin Cream Versus Salicylic Acid Peeling in Treatment of Acne Vulgaris), which is not on this map. Cited by 262 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
262citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
31.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04490967 phase4unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Topical Silymarin Cream Versus Salicylic Acid Peeling in Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: Split Face Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorAssiut UniversityRan2021 to 2021Enrolled30ConditionsAcne VulgarisArmsSilymarin, Salicylic acid
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

262 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 700 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Efficacy and Mechanisms ofCurrent rheumatology reviews · 2024
    Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Silydianin Improves the Preservation of Cooled Boar Semen.Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene · 2026
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Observational
  15. Article
  16. Natural Products Targeting Oxidative Stress-Inflammation Crosstalk in Endometriosis.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026
    Review
  17. Methanolic Extract ofCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2026
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

202 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 3 countries.

Peter F SuraiDepartment of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria. psurai@feedfood.co.uk.
Sumy National Agrarian University · UA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Silymarin (SM), an extract from the Silybum marianum (milk thistle) plant containing various flavonolignans (with silybin being the major one), has received a tremendous amount of attention over the last decade as a herbal remedy for liver treatment. In many cases, the antioxidant properties of SM are considered to be responsible for its protective actions. Possible antioxidant mechanisms of SM are evaluated in this review. (1) Direct scavenging free radicals and chelating free Fe and Cu are mainly effective in the gut. (2) Preventing free radical formation by inhibiting specific ROS-producing enzymes, or improving an integrity of mitochondria in stress conditions, are of great importance. (3) Maintaining an optimal redox balance in the cell by activating a range of antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants, mainly via Nrf2 activation is probably the main driving force of antioxidant (AO)  action of SM. (4) Decreasing inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB pathways is an emerging mechanism of SM protective effects in liver toxicity and various liver diseases. (5) Activating vitagenes, responsible for synthesis of protective molecules, including heat shock proteins (HSPs), thioredoxin and sirtuins and providing additional protection in stress conditions deserves more attention. (6) Affecting the microenvironment of the gut, including SM-bacteria interactions, awaits future investigations. (7) In animal nutrition and disease prevention strategy, SM alone, or in combination with other hepatho-active compounds (carnitine, betaine, vitamin B12, etc.), might have similar hepatoprotective effects as described in human nutrition.

Indexed as

antioxidantgutNF-κBNrf2silibininsilybinsilymarinvitagenes

Identifiers

PMID26785346
PMCPMC4665566
OpenAlexW2142110193

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.