ArticlePloS one2016
Medicinal Cannabis: In Vitro Validation of Vaporizers for the Smoke-Free Inhalation of Cannabis.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in acute cannabis effects revisited: Results from two randomized, controlled trials.Addiction biology · 2022Trial
- The pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of a novel selective-dose cannabis inhaler in patients with chronic pain: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2020Trial
- Are adolescents more vulnerable to the harmful effects of cannabis than adults? A placebo-controlled study in human males.Translational psychiatry · 2016Trial
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor orchestrates transcriptomic, non-coding and splicing programs that drive human lung epithelial responses to vaporized cannabis in vitro.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Age Differences in Cannabis Consumption Patterns and in Associations Between Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Intake and Cannabis Use Disorders Among Adults with Daily Use.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2025Article
- Quantity of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol consumption and cannabis use disorder among daily cannabis consumers.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic changes in oxidative stress, immunity, and cancer pathways caused by cannabis vapor on alveolar epithelial cells.Cell biology and toxicology · 2025Article
- Cannabis concentrate vaping chemistry.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Review
- Longitudinal Transitions Between Use of Combustible, Noncombustible, and Multiple Cannabis Products From Adolescence to Young Adulthood and Intersections With Nicotine Use.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Estimating THC Consumption from Smoked and Vaped Cannabis Products in an Online Survey of Adults Who Use Cannabis.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2024Article
- Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol for Pain Treatment-An Update on the Evidence.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Vapor Pressure, Vaping, and Corrections to Misconceptions Related to Medical Cannabis' Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients' Physical Properties and Compositions.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2023Review
- Expanding Research on Cannabis-Based Medicines for Liver Steatosis: A Low-Risk High-Reward Way Out of the Present Deadlock?Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2023Article
- "Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Perspectives of pediatric oncologists and palliative care physicians on the therapeutic use of cannabis in children with cancer.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Medicinal Cannabis and Central Nervous System Disorders.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- A "Good" Smoke? The Off-Label Use of Cannabidiol to Reduce Cannabis Use.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Medical Cannabis: Toward a New Policy and Health Model for an Ancient Medicine.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Progression of cannabis withdrawal symptoms in people using medical cannabis for chronic pain.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Article
- Medical Cannabis in Oncology: a Valuable Unappreciated Remedy or an Undesirable Risk?Current treatment options in oncology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inhalation by vaporization is a promising application mode for cannabis in medicine. An in vitro validation of 5 commercial vaporizers was performed with THC-type and CBD-type cannabis. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to determine recoveries of total THC (THCtot) and total CBD (CBDtot) in the vapor. High-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection was used for the quantitation of acidic cannabinoids in the residue and to calculate decarboxylation efficiencies. Recoveries of THCtot and CBDtot in the vapor of 4 electrically-driven vaporizers were 58.4 and 51.4%, 66.8 and 56.1%, 82.7 and 70.0% and 54.6 and 56.7% for Volcano Medic®, Plenty Vaporizer®, Arizer Solo® and DaVinci Vaporizer®, respectively. Decarboxylation efficiency was excellent for THC (≥ 97.3%) and CBD (≥ 94.6%). The gas-powered Vape-or-Smoke™ showed recoveries of THCtot and CBDtot in the vapor of 55.9 and 45.9%, respectively, and a decarboxylation efficiency of ≥ 87.7 for both cannabinoids. However, combustion of cannabis was observed with this device. Temperature-controlled, electrically-driven vaporizers efficiently decarboxylate inactive acidic cannabinoids and reliably release their corresponding neutral, active cannabinoids. Thus, they offer a promising application mode for the safe and efficient administration of medicinal cannabis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.