Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26783546›Full record

ArticleAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2016

Cerebrospinal fluid neurogranin and YKL-40 as biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.

Shorena Janelidze, Joakim Hertze, Henrik Zetterberg, Maria Landqvist Waldö, Alexander Santillo, Kaj Blennow, Oskar Hansson

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
103citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
9.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

103 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 175 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. Blood DNA methylomic signatures associated with CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease in the EMIF-AD study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024
    Article

43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Shorena JanelidzeClinical Memory Research Unit Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö Lund University Malmö Sweden.
Joakim HertzeClinical Memory Research Unit Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö Lund University Malmö Sweden; Memory Clinic Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden.
Henrik ZetterbergClinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg Mölndal Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience UCL Institute of Neurology Queen Square London United Kingdom.
Maria Landqvist WaldöMemory Clinic Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden; Section of Geriatric Psychiatry Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden.
Alexander SantilloClinical Memory Research Unit Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö Lund University Malmö Sweden; Memory Clinic Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden.
Kaj BlennowClinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg Mölndal Sweden.
Oskar HanssonClinical Memory Research Unit Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö Lund University Malmö Sweden; Memory Clinic Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden.
Lund University · SESkåne University Hospital · SENational Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery · GBUniversity of Gothenburg · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWidespread implementation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in clinical settings requires improved accuracy for diagnosis of prodromal disease and for distinguishing AD from non-AD dementias. Novel and promising CSF biomarkers include neurogranin, a marker of synaptic degeneration, and YKL-40, a marker of neuroinflammation.

methodsCSF neurogranin and YKL-40 were measured in a cohort of 338 individuals including cognitively healthy controls and patients with stable mild cognitive impairment (sMCI), MCI who later developed AD (MCI-AD), AD dementia, Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), vascular dementia (VaD), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The diagnostic accuracy of neurogranin and YKL-40 were compared with the core AD biomarkers, β-amyloid (Aβ42 and Aβ40) and tau.

resultsNeurogranin levels were increased in AD and decreased in non-AD dementia compared with healthy controls. As a result, AD patients showed considerably higher CSF levels of neurogranin than DLB/PDD, VaD and FTD patients. CSF YKL-40 levels were increased in AD compared with DLB/PDD but not with VaD or FTD. Neither CSF neurogranin nor YKL-40 levels differed significantly between sMCI patients and MCI-AD patients. Both biomarkers correlated positively with CSF Aβ40 and tau. CSF neurogranin and YKL-40 could separate AD dementia from non-AD dementias (neurogranin, area under the curve [AUC] = 0.761; YKL-40, AUC = 0.604; Aβ42/neurogranin, AUC = 0.849; Aβ42/YKL-40, AUC = 0.785), but the diagnostic accuracy was not better compared to CSF Aβ and tau (Aβ42, AUC = 0.755; tau AUC = 0.858; Aβ42/tau, AUC = 0.895; Aβ42/Aβ40, AUC = 0.881). Similar results were obtained when separating sMCI from MCI-AD cases.

interpretationCSF neurogranin and YKL-40 do not improve the diagnostic accuracy of either prodromal AD or AD dementia when compared to the core CSF AD biomarkers. Nevertheless, the CSF level of neurogranin is selectively increased in AD dementia, whereas YKL-40 is increased in both AD and FTD suggesting that synaptic degeneration and glial activation may be important in these neurodegenerative conditions.

Identifiers

PMID26783546
PMCPMC4704480
OpenAlexW2257675936

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.