Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26782933›Full record

ArticleGenome biology and evolution2016

Dosage Compensation in the African Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiae.

Graham Rose, Elzbieta Krzywinska, Jan Kim, Loic Revuelta, Luca Ferretti, Jaroslaw Krzywinski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Sex-specific transcriptome dynamics ofGenes & development · 2025
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  9. Theme and variation in the evolution of insect sex determination.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2023
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Graham RoseVector Molecular Biology Group, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom Genomics Research Unit, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.
Elzbieta KrzywinskaVector Molecular Biology Group, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom.
Jan KimCentre for Integrative Biology, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom.
Loic RevueltaVector Molecular Biology Group, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom.
Luca FerrettiCentre for Integrative Biology, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom.
Jaroslaw KrzywinskiVector Molecular Biology Group, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom jaroslaw.krzywinski@pirbright.ac.uk.

Funding

NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272200900039CWellcome TrustWellcome Trust 089045/Z/09/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dosage compensation is the fundamental process by which gene expression from the male monosomic X chromosome and from the diploid set of autosomes is equalized. Various molecular mechanisms have evolved in different organisms to achieve this task. In Drosophila, genes on the male X chromosome are upregulated to the levels of expression from the two X chromosomes in females. To test whether a similar mechanism is operating in immature stages of Anopheles mosquitoes, we analyzed global gene expression in the Anopheles gambiae fourth instar larvae and pupae using high-coverage RNA-seq data. In pupae of both sexes, the median expression ratios of X-linked to autosomal genes (X:A) were close to 1.0, and within the ranges of expression ratios between the autosomal pairs, consistent with complete compensation. Gene-by-gene comparisons of expression in males and females revealed mild female bias, likely attributable to a deficit of male-biased X-linked genes. In larvae, male to female ratios of the X chromosome expression levels were more female biased than in pupae, suggesting that compensation may not be complete. No compensation mechanism appears to operate in male germline of early pupae. Confirmation of the existence of dosage compensation in A. gambiae lays the foundation for research into the components of dosage compensation machinery in this important vector species.

Indexed as

Dosage Compensation, GeneticAnimalsAnophelesChromosomes, InsectFemaleMaleX Chromosomechromosome-wide transcriptionmosquito vectorsRNA-seqsex chromosomes

Identifiers

PMID26782933
PMCPMC4779611

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.