ArticleEuropean journal of epidemiology2016
Effect of major lifestyle risk factors, independent and jointly, on life expectancy with and without cardiovascular disease: results from the Consortium on Health and Ageing Network of Cohorts in Europe and the United States (CHANCES).
Article in European journal of epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mixed evidence for the compression of morbidity hypothesis for smoking elimination-a systematic literature review.European journal of public health · 2021Pooled it
- Adiposity in Adults and Life Expectancy with and without Cardiovascular Disease. The Doetinchem Cohort Study.Global heart · 2026Article
- A systematic review of operational research modelling for alcohol consumption and its consequences.Health systems (Basingstoke, England) · 2026Review
- Healthy lifestyle and life expectancy with and without major chronic disease - a cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Impact of genetic risk and lifestyles on cardiovascular disease-free and total life expectancy: a cohort study.Genome medicine · 2025Article
- Estimating healthcare resource utilisation and cardiovascular events in people with high body mass index and established cardiovascular disease.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Health benefits of leisure-time physical activity by socioeconomic status, lifestyle risk, and mental health: a multicohort study.The Lancet. Public health · 2025Article
- Impact of modifiable healthy lifestyles on mortality in Chinese older adults.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Healthy life expectancy with cardiovascular disease among Chinese rural population based on the prospective cohort study.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2024Article
- Impact of Healthy Lifestyle Factors on Life Expectancy and Lifetime Health Care Expenditure: Nationwide Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Article
- Association of Life's Simple 7 lifestyle metric with cardiometabolic disease-free life expectancy in older British men.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Inflammatory potential of diet and mortality in Australian adults.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- Coaxial 3D Bioprinting Process Research and Performance Tests on Vascular Scaffolds.Micromachines · 2024Article
- Plasma metabolites of a healthy lifestyle in relation to mortality and longevity: Four prospective US cohort studies.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Healthy lifestyle and life expectancy free of major chronic diseases at age 40 in China.Nature human behaviour · 2023Article
- Emerging healthy lifestyle factors and all-cause mortality among people with metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome-like characteristics in NHANES.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Poor Cognitive Agility Conservation in Obese Aging People.Biomedicines · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Seldom have studies taken account of changes in lifestyle habits in the elderly, or investigated their impact on disease-free life expectancy (LE) and LE with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Using data on subjects aged 50+ years from three European cohorts (RCPH, ESTHER and Tromsø), we used multi-state Markov models to calculate the independent and joint effects of smoking, physical activity, obesity and alcohol consumption on LE with and without CVD. Men and women aged 50 years who have a favourable lifestyle (overweight but not obese, light/moderate drinker, non-smoker and participates in vigorous physical activity) lived between 7.4 (in Tromsø men) and 15.7 (in ESTHER women) years longer than those with an unfavourable lifestyle (overweight but not obese, light/moderate drinker, smoker and does not participate in physical activity). The greater part of the extra life years was in terms of "disease-free" years, though a healthy lifestyle was also associated with extra years lived after a CVD event. There are sizeable benefits to LE without CVD and also for survival after CVD onset when people favour a lifestyle characterized by salutary behaviours. Remaining a non-smoker yielded the greatest extra years in overall LE, when compared to the effects of routinely taking physical activity, being overweight but not obese, and drinking in moderation. The majority of the overall LE benefit is in disease free years. Therefore, it is important for policy makers and the public to know that prevention through maintaining a favourable lifestyle is "never too late".
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.