ArticleProbiotics and antimicrobial proteins2010
Extended Safety Data for the Oral Cavity Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12.
Article in Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of Streptococcus Salivarius BLIS (Bacteriocin-like Inhibitory Substance) K12 as Preventive Measure for Rheumatic Children.
Assessment of Colonisation of Probiotic Bacterium Streptococcus Salivarius From a Fast Melt Powder Format to the Oral Cavity
Assessment of Anti-viral Activity of Saliva Obtained From Human Volunteers Following Application of Probiotic Streptococcus Salivarius to the Oral Cavity
Assessment of Colonisation of Probiotic Bacterium Streptococcus Salivarius in the Oral Cavity
Colonisation Efficacy of a Probiotic Chewing Gum.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Study to evaluate the safety and tolerability ofFrontiers in nutrition · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Current Understanding of Probiotic Strains and Immune Function: From Gut Microbiota to Systemic Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- The Role of Targeted Microbiota Therapy in the Prevention and Management of Puerperal Mastitis.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Genomic Characteristics of Potential Probiotics: TwoMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Complete genome and transcriptome datasets of Streptococcus salivarius strains from healthy Korean subjects.Scientific data · 2025Article
- From periodontal infection to oral-systemic dysbiosis: re-framing the oral microbiome's role in systemic health and the prophylactic potential ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Isolation and Characteristics of Extracellular Vesicles Produced by Probiotics: Yeast Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and Bacterium Streptococcus salivarius K12.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2024Article
- Interferon Gamma Response in Human Saliva Following Exposure to the Oral Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius BLIS K12.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2024Article
- Use of Streptococcus Salivarius K12 in a cohort of PFAPA patients.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting ofEFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023Article
- Clinical Effects ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Streptococcus salivarius inhibits immune activation by periodontal disease pathogens.BMC oral health · 2021Article
- Oropharyngeal Probiotic ENT-K12 Prevents Respiratory Tract Infections Among Frontline Medical Staff Fighting Against COVID-19: A Pilot Study.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Article
- In vitro Interactions betweenPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Reduction of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus pharyngo-tonsillar infections associated with use of the oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12: a retrospective observational study.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2016Article
- Anti-infective properties of bacteriocins: an update.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2013Review
- Effect of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on the in vitro growth of Candida albicans and its protective effect in an oral candidiasis model.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2012Article
- Genome sequence of the bacteriocin-producing oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius strain M18.Journal of bacteriology · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous studies of the bacteriocin-producing Streptococcus salivarius K12 monitored a variety of intrinsic strain characteristics of potential relevance to its application as an oral probiotic in humans. These included the content of antibiotic resistance and virulence determinants, the production of deleterious metabolic by-products and its genetic stability. In the present study, we examined additional safety factors including the responses of rats to either short- or long-term oral dosing with strain K12 preparations. In addition, the potential genotoxicity of strain K12 was tested using a bacterial reverse mutation assay. To determine the occurrence and concentrations in human saliva of S. salivarius having the same bacteriocin phenotype as strain K12, saliva samples from 780 children were evaluated. The level of dosing with strain K12 required to achieve oral cavity colonization levels similar to those occurring naturally for this type of bacteriocin-producing S. salivarius was established using 100 human subjects. Following the oral instillation of lyophilized S. salivarius K12 cells in these subjects, its persistence was not at levels higher than those found naturally for this type of bacterium. The various sets of data obtained in this study showed no evidence of genotoxicity and no acute or subacute toxicity effects associated with strain K12. Based on the previously published data, the long history of use by humans and the information presented here, it is concluded that S. salivarius K12 is safe for human consumption.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.