Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26780591›Full record

ReviewSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2016

Protocells: Modular Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle-Supported Lipid Bilayers for Drug Delivery.

Kimberly S Butler, Paul N Durfee, Christophe Theron, Carlee E Ashley, Eric C Carnes, C Jeffrey Brinker

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Dynamic Transcription Machineries in Protocells.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kimberly S ButlerCenter for Micro-Engineered Materials, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
Paul N DurfeeDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
Christophe TheronCenter for Micro-Engineered Materials, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
Carlee E AshleyBioenergy and Defense Technology Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA.
Eric C CarnesNanobiology Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, 94551, USA.
C Jeffrey BrinkerCenter for Micro-Engineered Materials, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.

Funding

Peptide-directed protocells and virus-like particles-new nanoparticle platforms fU01CA151792 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI BRINKER, C JEFFREY, WILLMAN, CHERYL LYNN · 2010 to 2014
$1.7M
NCI NIH HHS U01 CA151792NCI NIH HHS UO1 CA151792-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mesoporous silica nanoparticle-supported lipid bilayers, termed 'protocells,' represent a potentially transformative class of therapeutic and theranostic delivery vehicle. The field of targeted drug delivery poses considerable challenges that cannot be addressed with a single 'magic bullet'. Consequently, the protocell has been designed as a modular platform composed of interchangeable biocompatible components. The mesoporous silica core has variable size and shape to direct biodistribution and a controlled pore size and surface chemistry to accommodate diverse cargo. The encapsulating supported lipid bilayer can be modified with targeting and trafficking ligands as well as polyethylene glycol (PEG) to effect selective binding, endosomal escape of cargo, drug efflux prevention, and potent therapeutic delivery, while maintaining in vivo colloidal stability. This review describes the individual components of the platform, including the mesoporous silica nanoparticle core and supported lipid bilayer, their assembly (by multiple techniques) into a protocell, and the combined, often synergistic, performance of the protocell based on in vitro and in vivo studies, including the assessment of biocompatibility and toxicity. In closing, the many emerging variations of the protocell theme and the future directions for protocell research are commented on.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsAnimalsBiocompatible MaterialsCell LineColloidsHumansLigandsLipid BilayersLiposomesNanomedicineNanoparticlesNanostructuresNeoplasmsPeptidesPolyethylene GlycolsPorosityBiocompatible MaterialsColloidsLigandsLipid BilayersLiposomesPeptidesPolyethylene GlycolsRNA, Small InterferingSilicon Dioxidedrug deliverymesoporous silicananoparticlesprotocellssupported lipid bilayerstargeted delivery

Identifiers

PMID26780591
PMCPMC4964272

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.