ReviewCurrent pain and headache reports2016
New Labor Pain Treatment Options.
Review in Current pain and headache reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05941390 (Using Virtual Reality), which is not on this map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Using Virtual Reality (VR) Technology in Gynecological Procedures
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of foot reflexology massage on pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of non-pharmacological coping strategies for reducing labor pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of peanut ball use on perceived labor pain, fatigue, and mother's perception of childbirth: a randomized controlled trial.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Trial
- The Effect of Chewing Gum in Managing Labor Pain Intensity and Anxiety Level in Primiparous Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of community based nursing and midwifery · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Acupoint Injection Decreases Anesthetic Cosumption during Combined Spinal-Epidural and Patient-Controlled Epidural Labor Analgesia.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2022Trial
- The effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation during the first stage of labor: a randomized controlled trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Trial
- The effect of distraction techniques on pain and stress during labor: a randomized controlled clinical trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2019Trial
- The effects, outcomes and acceptability of sterile water injections to relieve low back pain among birthing women in a tertiary hospital in Ghana: a non-randomised study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Article
- The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Application for Women Undergoing Episiotomy Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of caring sciences · 2024Article
- Butorphanol in epidural: Could this be the breakthrough solution for safe and effective labor analgesia that we've been waiting for?World journal of clinical cases · 2024Article
- Clinical effect of different concentrations of ropivacaine in the labor analgesia of dural puncture epidural technique for obese puerperae.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2024Article
- Article
- Effect of acupressure on childbirth outcomes in nulliparous women: A randomized clinical trial.Journal of education and health promotion · 2024Article
- Persistent Postpartum Pain - A Somatic and Psychologic Perfect Storm.Journal of pain research · 2024Review
- Effects of different anesthesia methods on labor process and postpartum serum estrogen and progesterone levels in primiparas with painless labor.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of Dark Chocolate and Carrot Juice on Perceived Labor Pain During Stage 1 of Birth Delivery Among Primigravida: A Quasi-Experimental Study.Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) · 2024Article
- Effect of audio-visual therapy on pain and anxiety in labor: A randomized controlled trial.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2023Article
- Knowledge, attitudes and intentions of the Syrian pregnant women toward labour analgesia, and its associated factors: a cross sectional study in Syria (2022).BMC health services research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Presently, the gold standard for pain control in laboring patients is neuraxial blockade, which includes a spinal, epidural, or a combined spinal-epidural technique. In conjunction with neuraxial blockade or by itself, some of the other agents employed related to labor pain include opioids, non-opioids, nitrous oxide, patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), and distraction therapy. Alternative treatments include acupuncture, hypnotism, yoga, exercise during pregnancy, hydrotherapy, transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation, massage, and relaxation techniques. This review will focus on current updates and recent trends in labor pain management. Neuraxial management, pharmacotherapy, and newer alternative methods to mitigate labor pain are reviewed. Newer techniques in epidural analgesia include the dural puncture epidural technique, which needs further evaluation. There are limited published data on the use of acupuncture, hypnotism, yoga, exercise during pregnancy, hydrotherapy, transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation, massage, and relaxation techniques in the alleviation of labor pain. These alternative therapies maybe considered as an adjuvant as the analgesic efficiency is inferior to that provided by typical standard pharmacotherapy. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the role of immersion virtual reality in alleviating labor pain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26780039What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.