ReviewFrontiers in public health2015
HIV-Associated TB Syndemic: A Growing Clinical Challenge Worldwide.
Review in Frontiers in public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Co-circulating pathogens of humans: a systematic review of mechanistic transmission models.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Pooled it
- HIV and tuberculosis co-infection among migrants in Europe: A systematic review on the prevalence, incidence and mortality.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Toxicity related to standard TB therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis and treatment outcomes in the REMoxTB study according to HIV status.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2019Trial
- Analysis of the diagnostic efficacy of targeted next-generation sequencing for tuberculosis in patients with HIV.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of tuberculosis and HIV coinfection among inpatients in chengdu, china, 2018-2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Determinants of Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Patients with TB/HIV Co-Infection During Tuberculosis Treatment at Selected Level One Hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Rapid tuberculosis diagnosis from respiratory or blood samples by a low cost, portable lab-in-tube assay.Science translational medicine · 2025Article
- Exosomal microRNAs associated with tuberculosis among people living with human immunodeficiency virus.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2024Article
- Cystatin F Depletion inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Modifiable Areal Unit Problems for Infectious Disease Cases Described in Medicare and Medicaid Claims, 2016-2019.Journal of bacteriology & parasitology · 2024Article
- A retrospective study of tuberculosis prevalence and associated factors among HIV-positive key populations in Nigeria.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- An Epidemic of Drug Resistance: Tuberculosis in the Twenty-First Century.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- HIV/Mtb Co-Infection: From the Amplification of Disease Pathogenesis to an "Emerging Syndemic".Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Pathogenesis, Diagnostic Challenges, and Risk Factors of Pott's Disease.Clinics and practice · 2023Review
- Proposing a New Conceptual Syndemic Framework for COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- The performance of tongue swabs for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- A Scoping Review of Peer Navigation Programs for People Living with HIV: Form, Function and Effects.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- Cathelicidins and defensins antimicrobial host defense peptides in the treatment of TB and HIV: Pharmacogenomic and nanomedicine approaches towards improved therapeutic outcomes.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022Review
- Tuberculosis challenges: Resistance, co-infection, diagnosis, and treatment.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2022Review
- Tuberculosis and/or HIV Infection and Associated Socio-Behavioural Factors in Immigrants, in Portugal: A Cross-Sectional, Community-Based Descriptive Study.Portuguese journal of public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The association of tuberculosis (TB) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome over the past several years has become an emerging syndemic. Approximately 10% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) with latent TB infection will develop active TB disease each year. In this review, we highlight that this phenomenon is not limited to high endemic regions, such as Afro-Asian nations, but globalization/migration is causing increased case detection even in developed nations, such as the United States. Active screening should be performed for TB in PLHIV. A high degree of clinical suspicion for TB is warranted in PLHIV presenting with fever, cough, and unintentional weight loss. HIV-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) coinfection is often paucibacillary, precluding diagnosis by conventional diagnostics and/or smear microscopy/culture. Improved detection of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB is now possible by incorporation of the GeneXPERT MTB/RIF assay (Cepheid Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA). The World Health Organization recommends instituting immediate therapy for MTB, in conjunction with ongoing or newly introduced anti-retroviral therapy. Vigilance is required to detect drug-induced organ injuries, and early-treatment-induced immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Collaborating MTB and HIV activities in concentrated HIV epidemic settings should become a high public health priority.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.