ReviewFrontiers in immunology2015
The Macrophage Switch in Obesity Development.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 312 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
312 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 557 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Helios is critical for Treg effector differentiation in adipose autoimmunity.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Transcutaneous allicin oleogel restores energy homeostasis for obesity treatment.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Pathological mechanisms of osteoarthritis in the network of geriatric comorbidities: Emerging insights from organs-crosstalk.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Adipocytes influence choroidal neovascularization via PRDM16.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Visceral adipose tissue differentially affects tau and Aβ pathology in 3xTg-AD mice.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- A Short-Term High-Sugar Diet Induces Glucose Intolerance, Visceral Adipose Tissue Inflammation, and Exacerbates Experimental Allergic Asthma.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Glycerol enhances mitochondrial metabolism and inflammatory response in pro-inflammatory macrophages.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Effects of Obesity Severity on Circulating Inflammatory Mediators and Immune Cell Gene Expression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Adapalene, an RAR agonist, exerts anti-inflammatory effects by regulating macrophage polarization through RAR[Formula: see text]-mediated signaling pathways.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cellular Interactions and Immunometabolic Mechanisms in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Evidence.Circulation. Heart failure · 2026Review
- Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitor Improves Insulin Sensitivity by Regulating Adipose Tissue Macrophage Polarization in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2026Article
- Reexamining Fat: Exploring Diversity, Plasticity, Development, Functional Implication, and Therapeutic Options.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Restoring Lysosomes in Adipose Tissue Macrophages Mitigates Obesity-Induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Activating transcription factors: Orchestrators of macrophage biology in pathological settings (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Sexual Dimorphism in the Development of Cardiometabolic Syndrome.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2026Review
- Metabolic Reprogramming and Immunometabolic Dysregulation in Diabetic Kidney Disease: From Pathogenesis to Precision Multi-target Therapies.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Macrophage Hypoxia Signaling Pathways and Their Roles in Sepsis.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
252 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune cell infiltration in (white) adipose tissue (AT) during obesity is associated with the development of insulin resistance. In AT, the main population of leukocytes are macrophages. Macrophages can be classified into two major populations: M1, classically activated macrophages, and M2, alternatively activated macrophages, although recent studies have identified a broad range of macrophage subsets. During obesity, AT M1 macrophage numbers increase and correlate with AT inflammation and insulin resistance. Upon activation, pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages induce aerobic glycolysis. By contrast, in lean humans and mice, the number of M2 macrophages predominates. M2 macrophages secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and utilize oxidative metabolism to maintain AT homeostasis. Here, we review the immunologic and metabolic functions of AT macrophages and their different facets in obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.