ArticleJournal of the American Academy of Dermatology2016
The distribution of cutaneous metastases correlates with local immunologic milieu.
Article in Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cutaneous scalp metastasis from renal cell carcinoma with excellent response to chemotherapy.Skin health and disease · 2025Article
- Topographical variations in the skin barrier and their role in disease pathogenesis.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025Review
- Occult Breast Cancer Diagnosed from a Solitary Scalp Metastasis without Axillary Lymph Node Involvement: A Case Report.Surgical case reports · 2025Article
- Clinical and Histopathologic Profile of Patients with Cutaneous Metastasis in a Tertiary Hospital in the Philippines.Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Metastatic adenocarcinoma mimicking hidradenitis suppurativa.JAAD case reports · 2022Article
- Skin immunity: dissecting the complex biology of our body's outer barrier.Mucosal immunology · 2022Review
- Tissue-specific Tregs in cancer metastasis: opportunities for precision immunotherapy.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2022Review
- Cutaneous Metastases of Solid Tumors: Demographic, Clinical, and Survival Characteristics.Cureus · 2021Article
- Developing Human Skin Contains Lymphocytes Demonstrating a Memory Signature.Cell reports. Medicine · 2020Article
- Cutaneous Scalp Metastases of Malignant Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast.Journal of breast cancer · 2020Article
- Analysis of Judicial Precedents Cases Regarding Skin Cancer from 1997 to 2017 in Republic of Korea.Annals of dermatology · 2019Article
- Rare presentation of cutaneous lung cancer metastasis presenting as carcinoma erysipeloides.JAAD case reports · 2019Article
- Concurrent metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma to the scalp and Meckel's cave.BMJ case reports · 2018Article
- An unusual case of metastatic breast carcinoma metastasizing to an antecedent rhytidectomy procedural scar.JAAD case reports · 2018Article
- Transcriptional landscape of epithelial and immune cell populations revealed through FACS-seq of healthy human skin.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Scalp Lesions Referred For Surgical Procedures: Single-Center 5-year Experience in Southwestern Poland.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
- Cutaneous metastases from primary solid and hematopoietic neoplasms at a referral hospital in Colombia: a cross-sectional study.Anais brasileiros de dermatologiaArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMetastases to the skin are found with increased frequency at certain sites, such as the scalp, but the biological factors that influence this distribution are not understood.
objectiveWe aimed to compare the proportional frequency of metastases at various cutaneous locations with the immunologic microenvironments at those sites.
methodsWe retrospectively identified all biopsy specimens of cutaneous metastases diagnosed at our institution from 1991 to 2014 (n = 1984) and mapped their anatomic distribution while controlling for regional surface area. Using a separate, mapped cohort of normal-appearing skin samples (n = 140), we measured the density of regulatory T cells, CD4(+) effector T cells, and CD8(+) T cells by flow cytometry.
resultsPer unit surface area, cutaneous metastases arise most commonly on the head and neck, followed by the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities, respectively. Sites with more frequent metastases tend to contain a greater density of regulatory T cells and a lower proportion of CD8(+) T cells (P < .05). LIMITATIONS: Immunologic factors were only assessed in control tissue and were not measured from patients with metastatic disease in this correlative single-center study.
conclusionThe distribution of cutaneous metastases follows the distribution of regulatory and effector T cells in skin. Further studies are required to prove a mechanistic association between local immunologic factors and the development of cutaneous metastases.
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