Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26772652›Full record

ArticlePathogens and disease2016

Role of Candida albicans secreted aspartyl protease Sap9 in interkingdom biofilm formation.

Lindsay C Dutton, Howard F Jenkinson, Richard J Lamont, Angela H Nobbs

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pathogens and disease, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Metabolic Responses ofACS omega · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Secretion of serine proteases by planktonic- and biofilm-growing cells of Candida parapsilosis.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025
    Article
  5. Control ofFuture microbiology · 2025
    Article
  6. Microorganisms · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Secreted Aspartic Proteinases: Key Factors inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Roles ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023
    Review
  12. Select Streptococci Can DegradeApplied and environmental microbiology · 2022
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Cross-kingdom interaction betweenFrontiers in microbiology · 2022
    Review
  15. Recent Advances and Opportunities in the Study ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Review
  16. Article
  17. The Role ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Lindsay C DuttonSchool of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK.
Howard F JenkinsonSchool of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK howard.jenkinson@bristol.ac.uk.
Richard J LamontDepartment of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Angela H NobbsSchool of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK.
University of Bristol · GBUniversity Of Bristol Dental Hospital · GBUniversity of Louisville · US

Funding

Streptococcus-Candida Communication in Oral BiofilmsR01DE016690 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL · PI JENKINSON, HOWARD F, LAMONT, RICHARD J · 2006 to 2016
$3.8M
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE016690
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The fungus Candida albicans colonizes oral cavity surfaces and is carried by up to 60% of human populations. Biofilm development by C. albicans may be modulated by oral streptococci, such as Streptococcus gordonii, S. oralis or S. mutans, so as to augment pathogenicity. In this study we sought to determine if the cell wall-associated secreted aspartyl proteinase Sap9 was necessary for hyphal adhesin functions associated with biofilm community development. A sap9Δ mutant of C. albicans SC5314 formed biofilms that were flatter, and contained fewer blastospores and more hyphal filaments than the parent strain. This phenotypic difference was accentuated under flow (shear) conditions and in the presence of S. gordonii. Dual-species biofilms of C. albicans sap9Δ with S. oralis, S. sanguinis, S. parasanguinis, S. mutans and Enterococcus faecalis all contained more matted hyphae and more bacteria bound to substratum compared to C. albicans wild type. sap9Δ mutant hyphae showed significantly increased cell surface hydrophobicity, ∼25% increased levels of binding C. albicans cell wall protein Als3, and reduced interaction with Eap1, implicating Sap9 in fungal cell-cell recognition. These observations suggest that Sap9 is associated with protein-receptor interactions between fungal cells, and with interkingdom communication in the formation of polymicrobial biofilm communities.

Indexed as

AdultAspartic Acid EndopeptidasesBiofilmsCandida albicansEnterococcus faecalisFungal ProteinsHumansHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsHyphaeMicrobial InteractionsMicroscopy, ConfocalMouthStreptococcus gordoniiStreptococcus mutansALS3 protein, Candida albicansAspartic Acid EndopeptidasesFungal ProteinsSap9 protein, Candida albicansMicrobial interactionsmixed species communitiesoral cavity biofilmsStreptococcus gordoniiStreptococcus mutans

Identifiers

PMID26772652
PMCPMC5975276
OpenAlexW2285829193

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.