Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26771938›Full record

ArticleThe Prostate2016

AXIN2 expression predicts prostate cancer recurrence and regulates invasion and tumor growth.

Brian R Hu, Adrian S Fairey, Anisha Madhav, Dongyun Yang, Meng Li, Susan Groshen, Craig Stephens, Philip H Kim, Navneet Virk, Lina Wang and 10 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Prostate, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. MEIS1 and MEIS2 Expression and Prostate Cancer Progression: A Role For HOXB13 Binding Partners in Metastatic Disease.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2018
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.

Brian R HuUSC Institute of Urology, Keck Medical Center of USC and Translational and Clinical Science Program, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Adrian S FaireyUSC Institute of Urology, Keck Medical Center of USC and Translational and Clinical Science Program, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Anisha MadhavDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Translational and Clinical Science Program, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California.
Dongyun YangDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck Medical Center of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Meng LiHealth Sciences Bioinformatics Core, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California.
Susan GroshenDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck Medical Center of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Craig StephensResponse Genetics, Inc. Los Angeles, California.
Philip H KimUSC Institute of Urology, Keck Medical Center of USC and Translational and Clinical Science Program, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Navneet VirkDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Translational and Clinical Science Program, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California.
Lina WangDepartment of Pathology, Keck Medical Center of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Sue Ellen MartinDepartment of Pathology, Keck Medical Center of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Nicholas ErhoGenome Dx, San Diego, California.
Elai DavicioniGenome Dx, San Diego, California.
Robert B JenkinsDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Robert B DenDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Tong XuDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Translational and Clinical Science Program, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California.
Yucheng XuDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Translational and Clinical Science Program, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California.
Inderbir S GillUSC Institute of Urology, Keck Medical Center of USC and Translational and Clinical Science Program, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
David I QuinnDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Translational and Clinical Science Program, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California.
Amir GoldkornDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Translational and Clinical Science Program, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California.
USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center · USUniversity of Southern California · USKeck Hospital of USC · USLAC+USC Medical Center · USComputer Emergency Response Team · FRGenomatica (United States) · USMayo Clinic · USSecond Genome (United States) · USThomas Jefferson University · US

Funding

USC/NORRIS COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CENTER (CORE) SUPPORTP30CA014089 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Fumito Ito · 1985 to 2026
$181.4M
NCI NIH HHS 5 P30CA014089-39NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014089
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTreatment of prostate cancer (PCa) may be improved by identifying biological mechanisms of tumor growth that directly impact clinical disease progression. We investigated whether genes associated with a highly tumorigenic, drug resistant, progenitor phenotype impact PCa biology and recurrence.

methodsRadical prostatectomy (RP) specimens (±disease recurrence, N = 276) were analyzed by qRT-PCR to quantify expression of genes associated with self-renewal, drug resistance, and tumorigenicity in prior studies. Associations between gene expression and PCa recurrence were confirmed by bootstrap internal validation and by external validation in independent cohorts (total N = 675) and in silico. siRNA knockdown and lentiviral overexpression were used to determine the effect of gene expression on PCa invasion, proliferation, and tumor growth.

resultsFour candidate genes were differentially expressed in PCa recurrence. Of these, low AXIN2 expression was internally validated in the discovery cohort. Validation in external cohorts and in silico demonstrated that low AXIN2 was independently associated with more aggressive PCa, biochemical recurrence, and metastasis-free survival after RP. Functionally, siRNA-mediated depletion of AXIN2 significantly increased invasiveness, proliferation, and tumor growth. Conversely, ectopic overexpression of AXIN2 significantly reduced invasiveness, proliferation, and tumor growth.

conclusionsLow AXIN2 expression was associated with PCa recurrence after RP in our test population as well as in external validation cohorts, and its expression levels in PCa cells significantly impacted invasiveness, proliferation, and tumor growth. Given these novel roles, further study of AXIN2 in PCa may yield promising new predictive and therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

Axin ProteinProstateProstatic NeoplasmsAgedBiomarkersHumansMaleNeoplasm GradingNeoplasm InvasivenessNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalNeoplasm StagingPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProstatectomyRisk AssessmentAXIN2 protein, humanAxin ProteinBiomarkersAXIN2biomarkercancer stem-like cellsprostate cancerradical prostatectomy

Identifiers

PMID26771938
PMCPMC7455032
OpenAlexW2233925119

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.