SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2016
Cigarette Smoking and Electronic Cigarettes Use: A Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2019Guideline
- Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Longitudinal trends in vaping, smoking, and harmful alcohol use across sexual orientations in the UK (2014-2021).PloS one · 2026Article
- Exploring E-Cigarette Use Among Indonesian Youth: Prevalence, Determinants and Policy Implications.Journal of community health · 2025Article
- Article
- Sociodemographic factors, health behavior, parental or workplace smoking, and adult asthma risk in the United States.Work (Reading, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Patterns of Non-Cigarette Tobacco and Nicotine Use Among Current Cigarette Smokers and Recent Quitters: Findings From the 2020 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- Electronic cigarette use among 14- to 17-year-olds in Europe.European journal of public health · 2021Article
- Impact of Cigarette Smoking on the Risk of Osteoporosis in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Support for e-cigarette policies among smokers in seven European countries: longitudinal findings from the 2016-18 EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys.European journal of public health · 2020Article
- Article
- [Associations between the Frequency of Electronic Cigarette Use and Smoking-related Characteristics among Adolescent Smokers].Child health nursing research · 2019Article
- 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines.Circulation · 2019 · on this mapReview
- Prevalence and sociodemographic disparities in ever E-cigarette use among adults in Los Angeles County.Preventive medicine reports · 2019Article
- E-cigarette use among medical students at Qassim University: Knowledge, perception, and prevalence.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2019Article
- Perceptions and use of e-cigarettes among young adults in Hong Kong.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Sleep quality in cigarette smokers and nonsmokers: findings from the general population in central China.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Awareness and use of e-cigarettes among urban residents in China.Tobacco induced diseases · 2019Article
- Awareness, current use of electronic cigarettes and associated smoking factors in Zhejiang Chinese adolescents.PloS one · 2019Article
- E-cigarette advertising exposure in e-cigarette naïve adolescents and subsequent e-cigarette use: A longitudinal cohort study.Addictive behaviors · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that cigarette smoking is a strong predictor of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) use, particularly in adolescents, yet the effects has not be systematically reviewed and quantified. Relevant studies were retrieved by searching three databases up to June 2015. The meta-analysis results were presented as pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated by a random-effects model. Current smokers were more likely to use e-cigarette currently (OR: 14.89, 95% CI: 7.70-28.78) and the probability was greater in adolescents than in adults (39.13 vs. 7.51). The probability of ever e-cigarettes use was significantly increased in smokers (OR: 14.67, 95% CI: 11.04-19.49). Compared with ever smokers and adults, the probabilities were much greater in current smokers (16.10 vs. 9.47) and adolescents (15.19 vs. 14.30), respectively. Cigarette smoking increases the probability of e-cigarettes use, especially in current smokers and adolescents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.