ArticlePloS one2016
The Hydroxyl at Position C1 of Genipin Is the Active Inhibitory Group that Affects Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2 in Panc-1 Cells.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mito-Genipin, a Novel Mitochondria-Targeted Genipin Derivative Modulates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Macrophages.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genipin-Simple but Significant Bioactive Iridoid for Therapeutical Application and Beyond: A Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2: a central player in pancreatic disease pathophysiology.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Review
- Genipin's potential as an anti-cancer agent: from phytochemical origins to clinical prospects.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Review
- Ligand-Based Drug Design of Genipin Derivatives with Cytotoxic Activity against HeLa Cell Line: A Structural and Theoretical Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins: Subtle Regulators of Cellular Redox Signaling.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2018Review
- Plant-Derived Anticancer Agents: Lessons from the Pharmacology of Geniposide and Its Aglycone, Genipin.Biomedicines · 2018Review
- Genipin alleviates vascular hyperpermeability following hemorrhagic shock by up-regulation of SIRT3/autophagy.Cell death discovery · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Genipin (GNP) effectively inhibits uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which regulates the leakage of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. UCP2 inhibition may induce pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell death by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. In this study, the hydroxyls at positions C10 (10-OH) and C1 (1-OH) of GNP were hypothesized to be the active groups that cause these inhibitory effects. Four GNP derivatives in which the hydroxyl at position C10 or C1 was replaced with other chemical groups were synthesized and isolated. Differences in the inhibitory effects of GNP and its four derivatives on pancreatic carcinoma cell (Panc-1) proliferation were assessed. The effects of GNP and its derivatives on apoptosis, UCP2 inhibition and ROS production were also studied to explore the relationship between GNP's activity and its structure. The derivatives with 1-OH substitutions, geniposide (1-GNP1) and 1-ethyl-genipin (1-GNP2) lacked cytotoxic effects, while the other derivatives that retained 1-OH, 10-piv-genipin (10-GNP1) and 10-acetic acid-genipin (10-GNP2) exerted biological effects similar to those of GNP, even in the absence of 10-OH. Thus, 1-OH is the key functional group in the structure of GNP that is responsible for GNP's apoptotic effects. These cytotoxic effects involve the induction of Panc-1 cell apoptosis through UCP2 inhibition and subsequent ROS production.
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