ArticleBMJ open2016
Prevalence and associated factors of smoking in middle and high school students: a school-based cross-sectional study in Zhejiang Province, China.
Article in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between illegal drug use and cigarette smoking among Ethiopian students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- National, regional, and global prevalence of cigarette smoking among women/females in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Current and former smokers among adolescents aged 12-17 years in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2020Pooled it
- Adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines and its association with the risk of overweight and obesity in Chinese adolescents: 2007 to 2022.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Associations of cigarette card games engagement with smoking susceptibility and smoking behaviors among Chinese children and adolescents: Findings from the Zhejiang Childhood Behavior and Health Cohort study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Mobile Phone Addiction and Suicidal Behaviors in Adolescents: School-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Zhejiang Province, China.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Assessment of suicidal risk factors in young depressed persons with non-suicidal self-injury based on an artificial intelligence.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of Youth-Led awareness and advocacy intervention in shaping adolescents' attitudes toward tobacco products in Nepal: A quasi-experimental study.Journal of public health research · 2025Article
- Associations of suicidal behaviors with body weight and body weight perception in Chinese adolescents: 2007-2022.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Body weight misperception and academic performance in Chinese adolescents (2007-2022): the mediating role of loneliness.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- The association between weight loss behaviors and body weight perception in Chinese adolescents: 2007-2022.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Influencing factors of good quality of life among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients living in Zhejiang Province, China.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Associations of weight control related behaviors with current cigarette smoking among Chinese adolescents: Results from an ongoing school-based survey in Zhejiang province.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of smoking among chinese adolescents: a school-based cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Relationships between Weight Perceptions and Suicidal Behaviors in Chinese Adolescents: Results from an Ongoing School-Based Survey in Zhejiang Province.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effectiveness of Smoking Prevention Programs on the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Anti-Smoking Exposure Self-Efficacy among Non-Smoking Rural Seventh-Grade Students in Taiwan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and Associated Factors among Residents of Hossana Town, Southern Ethiopia.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Tobacco Use and Its Associated Factors among Undergraduate Public Health Students in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.Journal of environmental and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo determine the prevalence and associated factors of smoking in a Chinese adolescent population.
settingA multistage, stratified cluster sampling technique was used in the present cross-sectional study conducted in Zhejiang Province of China. Based on socioeconomic status, school levels and geographical positions, 253 middle school classes, 122 academic school classes and 115 vocational high school classes located in 12 urban areas and 18 rural areas were chosen.
participantsA total of 9617 middle school students, 5495 academic high school students and 4430 vocational high school students were recruited in this survey. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Ever, current smoking status and associated factors were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between current smoking and the associated factors. ORs with their 95% CIs were reported.
resultsOverall, the prevalence of ever-smokers and current smokers was 33.83% and 7.93%, respectively. Focused on current smokers, significantly higher risks of adolescent smoking were observed in an older age group, boys, rural areas and vocational high school. Other significant factors were parents smoking, secondhand smoke exposure, parental divorce or separation, living with family, school performance and belief that smoking is harmful.
conclusionsThe prevalence of smoking was relatively high among Chinese adolescents in Zhejiang Province. Factors related to personal characteristics, family and school were associated with adolescent smoking.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.