Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26769791›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2016

Trends in incidence, prevalence and prescribing in type 2 diabetes mellitus between 2000 and 2013 in primary care: a retrospective cohort study.

Manuj Sharma, Irwin Nazareth, Irene Petersen

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 136 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
136citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
35.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

136 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 290 citations in OpenAlex.

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76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Manuj SharmaDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Irwin NazarethDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Irene PetersenDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
University College London · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/K006584/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate trends in incident and prevalent diagnoses of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its pharmacological treatment between 2000 and 2013.

designAnalysis of longitudinal electronic health records in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) primary care database.

settingUK primary care.

participantsIn total, we examined 8,838,031 individuals aged 0-99 years. OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence and prevalence of T2DM between 2000 and 2013, and the effect of age, sex and social deprivation on these measures were examined. Changes in prescribing patterns of antidiabetic therapy between 2000 and 2013 were also investigated.

resultsOverall, 406,344 individuals had a diagnosis of T2DM, of which 203,639 were newly diagnosed between 2000 and 2013. The incidence of T2DM rose from 3.69 per 1000 person-years at risk (PYAR) (95% CI 3.58 to 3.81) in 2000 to 3.99 per 1000 PYAR (95% CI 3.90 to 4.08) in 2013 among men; and from 3.06 per 1000 PYAR (95% CI 2.95 to 3.17) to 3.73 per 1000 PYAR (95% CI 3.65 to 3.82) among women. Prevalence of T2DM more than doubled from 2.39% (95% CI 2.37 to 2.41) in 2000 to 5.32% (95% CI 5.30 to 5.34) in 2013. Being male, older, and from a more socially deprived area was strongly associated with having T2DM, (p<0.001). Prescribing changes over time reflected emerging clinical guidance and novel treatments. In 2013, metformin prescribing peaked at 83.6% (95% CI 83.4% to 83.8%), while sulfonylureas prescribing reached a low of 41.4% (95% CI 41.1% to 41.7%). Both remained, however, the most commonly used pharmacological treatments as first-line agents and add-on therapy. Thiazolidinediones and incretin based therapies (gliptins and GLP-1 analogues) were also prescribed as alternate add-on therapy options, however were rarely used for first-line treatment in T2DM.

conclusionsPrevalent cases of T2DM more than doubled between 2000 and 2013, while the number of incident cases increased more steadily. Changes in prescribing patterns observed may reflect the impact of national policies and prescribing guidelines on UK primary care.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge DistributionChildChild, PreschoolDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Drug PrescriptionsDrug Therapy, CombinationEpidemiologic MethodsFemaleGeneral PracticeHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInfantHypoglycemic AgentsDIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGYEPIDEMIOLOGYPUBLIC HEALTHTHERAPEUTICS

Identifiers

PMID26769791
PMCPMC4735176
OpenAlexW2283546675

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.