ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2016
Prevalence of coronary artery disease and its risk factors in Kerala, South India: a community-based cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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47 citing papers in PubMed, 144 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- ENPP1 121Q functional variant enhances susceptibility to coronary artery disease in South Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2017Trial
- Prevalence and determinants of probable dementia in rural India: a cross-sectional study in the APCAPS cohort.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Utilization of evidence-based secondary preventive therapies post-acute coronary syndrome: a heart registry cohort study in Kenya.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Article
- Recurrent myocardial infarction and adherence to secondary prevention strategies among adults with coronary artery disease in rural Aluva, South India: a nested case-control study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Exploring the intersectional dynamics of co-morbidities and risk factors among the older population in India.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its association to modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular disease among apparently healthy adults in Central Kerala.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Exploring Factors Affecting Health-Related Quality of Life in Coronary Artery Disease Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Effect of Buteyko Breathing Technique as an Adjunct to Routine Physiotherapy on Pulmonary Functions in Patients Undergoing Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
- Trends in epidemiology of dyslipidemias in India.Indian heart journal · 2024Review
- Incidence and risk factors of cardiovascular disease among population aged 40-70 years: a population-based cohort study in the South of Iran.Tropical medicine and health · 2023Article
- Article
- Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Young Adults (20-39 Years) in Kerala, South India.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Prevalence of chronic disease in older adults in multitier eye-care facilities in South India: Electronic medical records-driven big data analytics report.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- A Sustainable Community-Based Model of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance (Shraddha-Jagrithi Project): Protocol for a Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2021Article
- The traditional and modifiable risk factors of coronary artery disease - a community-based cross-sectional study among 2 populations.Medicine · 2021Article
- Epidemiology and the Magnitude of Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2021Review
- Single Nucleotide PolymorphismHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Effect of discontinuation of ticagrelor and switching-over to other P2Y12 agents in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a single-center real-world experience from India.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere are no recent data on prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Indians. The last community based study from Kerala, the most advanced Indian state in epidemiological transition, was in 1993 that reported 1.4% definite CAD prevalence. We studied the prevalence of CAD and its risk factors among adults in Kerala.
methodsIn a community-based cross sectional study, we selected 5167 adults (mean age 51 years, men 40.1%) using a multistage cluster sampling method. Information on socio-demographics, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, dietary habits and personal history of hypertension, diabetes, and CAD was collected using a structured interview schedule. Anthropometry, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, and biochemical investigations were done using standard protocols. CAD and its risk factors were defined using standard criteria. Comparisons of age adjusted prevalence were done using two tailed proportion tests.
resultsThe overall age-adjusted prevalence of definite CAD was 3.5%: men 4.8%, women 2.6% (p < 0.001). Prevalence of any CAD was 12.5%: men 9.8%, women 14.3% (p < 0.001). There was no difference in definite CAD between urban and rural population. Physical inactivity was reported by 17.5 and 18% reported family history of CAD. Other CAD risk factors detected in the study were: overweight or obese 59%, abdominal obesity 57%, hypertension 28%, diabetes 15%, high total cholesterol 52% and low level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol 39%. Current smoking was reported only be men (28%).
conclusionThe prevalence of definite CAD in Kerala increased nearly three times since 1993 without any difference in urban and rural areas. Most risk factors of CAD were highly prevalent in the state. Both population and individual level approaches are warranted to address the high level of CAD risk factors to reduce the increasing prevalence of CAD in this population.
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