Observational studyThe Gerontologist2016
Differences in Active and Passive Smoking Exposures and Lung Cancer Incidence Between Veterans and Non-Veterans in the Women's Health Initiative.
Observational study in The Gerontologist, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Second-Hand Smoke Exposure and Risk of Lung Cancer Among Nonsmokers in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- An Evidence Map of the Women Veterans' Health Literature, 2016 to 2023: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- The Landscape of Care for Women Veterans with Cancer: An Evidence Map.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Neuropathological Examination of Mice Chronically Exposed to Secondhand Smoke.Military medicine · 2023Article
- Impact of gender and mutational differences in hormone receptor expressing non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Passive smoking may be associated with bleeding of cerebral arteriovenous malformation in non-smoking women: a retrospective analysis.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2022Article
- I smoke to cope with pain: patients' perspectives on the link between cigarette smoking and pain.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2021Article
- Platelet-Activating Factor-Receptor Signaling Mediates Targeted Therapies-Induced Microvesicle Particles Release in Lung Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Evidence Review-Social Determinants of Health for Veterans.Journal of general internal medicine · 2018Review
- Association between passive smoking and hypertension in Chinese non-smoking elderly women.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2017Article
- Caregiving-Related Sleep Problems and Their Relationship to Mental Health and Daytime Function in Female Veterans.Behavioral sleep medicineArticle
- Factors Associated With Quitting Smoking During Pregnancy Among Women Veterans.Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's HealthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWomen Veterans may have higher rates of both active and passive tobacco exposure than their civilian counterparts, thereby increasing their risk for lung cancer. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To compare differences in active and passive smoking exposure and lung cancer incidence among women Veterans and non-Veterans using prospective data from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). DESIGN AND
methodsWe used data from the WHI, which collected longitudinal demographic, clinical, and laboratory data on 161,808 postmenopausal women. We employed linear and multinomial regression and generalized linear models to compare active and passive smoking exposure between Veterans and non-Veterans and Cox proportional hazards models to estimate differences in lung cancer incidence rates.
resultsAfter adjustment, Veterans had 2.54 additional pack years of smoking compared with non-Veterans (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68, 3.40). Veterans also had a 1% increase in risk of any passive smoking exposure (95% CI 1.00, 1.02) and a 9% increase in risk of any workplace exposure (95% CI 1.07, 1.11) compared with non-Veterans. After adjustment for age and smoking exposures, Veterans did not have a higher risk of lung cancer compared with non-Veterans (relative risk = 1.06 95% CI 0.86, 1.30). IMPLICATIONS: Women Veterans had higher rates of tobacco use and exposure to passive smoking, which were associated with a higher risk for lung cancer compared with non-Veterans. Clinicians who care for Veterans need to be aware that older women Veterans have more exposures to risk factors for lung cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.