Trial reportAddiction (Abingdon, England)2016
Enhancing Quit & Win contests to improve cessation among college smokers: a randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07178899 (Designing a Smoking Intervention for Youth Smokers Using Q-Methodology), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Designing a Smoking Intervention for Youth Smokers Using Q-Methodology: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Bayesian hierarchical model for individual participant data meta-analysis of demand curves.Statistics in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Smoking-Cessation Interventions for U.S. Young Adults: Updated Systematic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Telephone counselling for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Competitions for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- The Quit Together couples-focused pilot randomized trial of tobacco cessation for pregnant smokers.European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology · 2025Trial
- Increasing treatment enrollment among smokers who are not motivated to quit: a randomized clinical trial.Translational behavioral medicine · 2022Trial
- Cost-effectiveness of enhancing a Quit-and-Win smoking cessation program for college students.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2018Trial
- Campus tobacco control policies and cessation interventions in college students: a commentary calling for research and action to address tobacco-related health disparities.Translational behavioral medicine · 2021Article
- Cost-effectiveness of a high-intensity versus a low-intensity smoking cessation intervention in a dental setting: long-term follow-up.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Analysis of self-report and biochemically verified tobacco abstinence outcomes with missing data: a sensitivity analysis using two-stage imputation.BMC medical research methodology · 2018Article
- A couples-focused intervention for smoking cessation during pregnancy: The study protocol of the Quit Together pilot randomized controlled trial.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2018Article
- Financial Incentives for Adherence to Hepatitis C Virus Clinical Care and Treatment: A Randomized Trial of Two Strategies.Open forum infectious diseases · 2017Article
- A two-part mixed effects model for cigarette purchase task data.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsQuit & Win contests (in which smokers pledge to quit smoking for a defined period in exchange for the chance to win a prize) may be well-suited for college smokers. We tested the effectiveness of multiple versus single Quit & Win contests and that of added counseling versus no counseling in smoking cessation.
designA two-by-two, randomized controlled trial with 6-month follow-up.
settingNineteen institutions in Minnesota, Texas, Ohio and Wisconsin.
participantsCollege student smokers (n = 1217) were randomized within site to four conditions: single (n = 306), multiple contests alone (n = 309), single contest plus counseling (n = 296) or multiple contests with counseling (n = 306).
interventionParticipants in the standard contest condition (T1 and T2) were asked to abstain from all tobacco products for a 30-day period; those with confirmed abstinence were eligible for a lottery-based prize. Participants assigned to the multiple contest conditions (T3 and T4) participated in the 30-day contest and were enrolled automatically into two additional contest periods with an escalating prize structure. Participants randomized into the counseling conditions (T2 and T4) received up to six telephone-administered Motivation and Problem Solving (MAPS) counseling sessions over the 12-week treatment period. MEASURES: The primary outcome was biochemically verified 30-day point prevalence (PP) abstinence rate at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were the same abstinence at end of treatment (4 months) and a proxy measure of 6-month verified continuous abstinence rate. Outcomes were based on all participants randomized.
findingsWe found no evidence of an interaction between number of contests and counseling. Abstinence rates for multiple (13.5%) and single (11.7%) contests were not significantly different at 6 months [odds ratio (OR) = 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.84-1.66]. The addition of counseling did not improve 6-month abstinence significantly (13.7 versus 11.6%, OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.86-1.70). Multiple contests increased abstinence at 4 months (19.3 versus 10.3%, OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.50-2.91) and continuous abstinence at 6 months (7.8 versus 3.8%, OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.28-3.56).
conclusionMultiple Quit & Win contests may increase smoking abstinence rates in college students more than single contests, but it is not clear whether adding counseling to these interventions produces any additional benefit.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.