ArticleElectronic physician2015
Development and implementation of Persian test of Elderly for Assessment of Cognition and Executive function (PEACE).
Article in Electronic physician, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Diagnostic accuracy of cognitive screening tools validated for older adults in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Cognitive Assessment Tools for Screening Older Adults With Low Levels of Education: A Critical Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) programme: study protocol and design of musculoskeletal system and cognitive function (stage II).BMJ open · 2017Article
- Comparing the Diagnostic Value of Four Dementia Tests in the Amnestic and Healthy Elderly.Basic and clinical neuroscienceArticle
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5 authors.
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Abstract
introductionA considerable segment of the elderly population in Iran is illiterate, and it seems the existing neuropsychological screening tests are not very useful for detecting dementia in illiterate participants. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a tool called Persian test of Elderly for Assessment of Cognition and Executive function (PEACE) for detecting dementia in both illiterate and literate participants.
methodsFirst, in order to design some of the cognitive aspects of the PEACE assay, we considered other prevalent neuropsychological instruments, such as the General Practitioner assessment of Cognition (GPCOG), Functional Assessment Staging (FAST), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Wechsler Memory scale. The other domains of PEACE were designed according to our clinical proficiencies and the culture of the society. In the next step, the participants were classified into three distinct groups, i.e., the control group (n=33), the Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) group (n=30), and the Alzheimer's group (n=38). All of the participants in each group were divided according to their educational level, i.e., illiterate, semi-literate, and literate.
resultsWe developed PEACE consisting of 14 items, each of which represents a specific cognitive function, with a maximum score of 91. The 14 items are Orientation, Praxis, Attention and Concentration, Attention and Calculation, Memory, Similarity, Abstract Thinking, General Information, Language, Judgment, Gnosis, Planning (Sequencing), Problem Solving, and Animal Naming. PEACE scores are highly correlated with those of the MMSE (r=0.78). The optimal cut-off point of PEACE chosen for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease was 67.5 (sensitivity: 75.8%, specificity: 97.4%). The PEACE scores showed a significant difference between Participants with Alzheimer's disease and the control group (p=0.0000) and the MCI group (p=0.003). In addition, there was no significant difference between illiterate and literate participants in the Alzheimer's group. However, the PEACE scores differed significantly (p=0.0000) between illiterate and literate participants in the control group.
conclusionThe PEACE addresses the limitations of existing tests and is appropriate for use in countries that have high rates of illiteracy. It is a valid screening mechanism for the detection of dementia in both illiterate and literate participants.
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