ArticleJournal of cognitive neuroscience2016
On Known Unknowns: Fluency and the Neural Mechanisms of Illusory Truth.
Article in Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Susceptibility to online misinformation: A systematic meta-analysis of demographic and psychological factors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Illusory implications: incidental exposure to ideas can induce beliefs.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Review
- An Integrated theory of false insights and beliefs under psychedelics.Communications psychology · 2024Review
- Editorial: Credition-An interdisciplinary approach to the nature of beliefs and believing.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- The effect of mindfulness intervention on internet negative news perception and processing: An implicit and explicit approach.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- What the Neuroscience and Psychology of Magic Reveal about Misinformation.Publications (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Misinformation and the Sins of Memory: False-Belief Formation and Limits on Belief Revision.Journal of applied research in memory and cognition · 2022Article
- Prior exposure increases judged truth even during periods of mind wandering.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2022Article
- Misinformation: susceptibility, spread, and interventions to immunize the public.Nature medicine · 2022Review
- Reasoning strategies determine the effect of disconfirmation on belief in false claims.Memory & cognition · 2021Article
- Can confidence help account for and redress the effects of reading inaccurate information?Memory & cognition · 2021Article
- A database of general knowledge question performance in older adults.Behavior research methods · 2021Article
- Cheaters claim they knew the answers all along.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2021Article
- An Examination of Factors Contributing to the Acceptance of Online Health Misinformation.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Article
- An initial accuracy focus reduces the effect of prior exposure on perceived accuracy of news headlines.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2020Article
- The neural mechanism of fluency-based memory illusions: the role of fluency context.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The "illusory truth" effect refers to the phenomenon whereby repetition of a statement increases its likelihood of being judged true. This phenomenon has important implications for how we come to believe oft-repeated information that may be misleading or unknown. Behavioral evidence indicates that fluency, the subjective ease experienced while processing information, underlies this effect. This suggests that illusory truth should be mediated by brain regions previously linked to fluency, such as the perirhinal cortex (PRC). To investigate this possibility, we scanned participants with fMRI while they rated the truth of unknown statements, half of which were presented earlier (i.e., repeated). The only brain region that showed an interaction between repetition and ratings of perceived truth was PRC, where activity increased with truth ratings for repeated, but not for new, statements. This finding supports the hypothesis that illusory truth is mediated by a fluency mechanism and further strengthens the link between PRC and fluency.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.