Observational studyMedicine2016
Risks of Adverse Events Following Coprescription of Statins and Calcium Channel Blockers: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.
Observational study in Medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Between Amlodipine and Tadalafil: An Open-Label, Randomized, Multiple-Dose Crossover Study in Healthy Male Volunteers.Drug design, development and therapy · 2022Trial
- Article
- Safety-I Versus Safety-II: A Mixed-Methods Study Revealing the Imbalance of Approaches in Primary Care Medication Safety.Journal of patient safety · 2025Article
- Examining the therapeutic potential and side effects of calcium channel blockers in mortality and morbidity of patients with stroke: A systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical studies.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Low-dose Spironolactone Combined with ACEIs/ARBs May Reduce Cardiovascular Events in Patients with CKD Stages 3b-5: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Clinical and electrocardiogram presentations of patients with high serum potassium concentrations within emergency settings: a prospective study.International journal of emergency medicine · 2022Article
- Association Between DPP-4 Inhibitors and Events of Colorectal and Liver Cancers in Patients With Diabetes Receiving Second-Line Agents: A Nested Case-Control Study.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Applying machine learning to the pharmacokinetic modeling of cyclosporine in adult renal transplant recipients: a multi-method comparison.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Valacyclovir-associated neurotoxicity among patients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis: A nationwide population-based study.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Toward a broader view of mechanisms of drug cardiotoxicity.Cell reports. Medicine · 2021Review
- Long-Term Effects of Ketoanalogues on Mortality and Renal Outcomes in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Receiving a Low-Protein Diet.Nutrients · 2020Article
- A Population-Based Study of Simvastatin Drug-Drug Interactions in Cardiovascular Disease Patients.AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings. AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science · 2020Article
- Effects ofPharmaceutical biology · 2019Article
- Drug-related problems in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2019Article
- Effects of Danshen tablets on pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin calcium in rats and its potential mechanism.Pharmaceutical biology · 2018Article
- Article
- Drug-Drug Interactions between Atorvastatin and Dronedarone Mediated by Monomeric CYP3A4.Biochemistry · 2018Article
- Association Between Stroke Risk and Metformin Use in Hemodialysis Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: A Nested Case-Control Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2017Article
- Drug-Induced Kidney Injury in the Elderly.Drugs & aging · 2017Review
- Pharmacogenetic Foundations of Therapeutic Efficacy and Adverse Events of Statins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Some statins (simvastatin, lovastatin, and atorvastatin) are metabolized by cytochrome P450s 3A4 (CYP3A4). Inhibitors of CYP3A4 including some calcium channel blockers (CCBs) might increase statin blood concentration, owing to drug-drug interactions. Risk of adverse events such as acute kidney injury might occur following the coprescription of CYP3A4-metabolized statins and CCBs that inhibit CYP3A4.This was a population-based cohort study. The study analyzed data of patients treated between 1997 and 2011, retrieved from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database. We enrolled 32,801 patients who received coprescription of statins and CCBs that inhibit CYP3A4 (amlodipine, diltiazem, felodipine nicardipine, nifedipine, and verapamil). These patients were divided into 2 groups, according to whether they had received CYP3A4-metabolized statins (lovastatin, simvastatin, and atorvastatin) or non-CYP3A4-metabolized statins (fluvastatin, rosuvastatin, and pitavastatin). These 2 groups were 1:1 matched by age, gender, and Carlson comorbidity index. All outcomes were assessed within 90 days following drug coprescription.In this study, 5857 patients received coprescription of CYP3A4-metabolized statins and CCBs that inhibit CYP3A4. There were no differences in comorbidity or use of antihypertensive drugs between patients who received CYP3A4-metabolized statins and those who received non-CYP3A4-metabolized statins. Patients who received CYP3A4-metabolized statins had significantly higher risk of acute kidney injury (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.12; 95% CI = 1.35-3.35), hyperkalemia (adjusted OR = 2.94; 95% CI = 1.36-6.35), acute myocardial infarction (adjusted OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.16-2.07), and acute ischemic stroke (adjusted OR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.08-1.68) than those who received non-CYP3A4-metabolized statins.This nationwide cohort study demonstrated the increased risk of adverse events following the coprescription of CYP3A4-metabolized statins and CCBs that inhibit CYP3A4. Therefore, it is important to take into account the potential adverse events while coprescribing CYP3A4-metabolized statins and CCBs that inhibit CYP3A4.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.