ArticleMedical care2016
ICU Telemedicine and Critical Care Mortality: A National Effectiveness Study.
Article in Medical care, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03786497 (Protecting Brains and Saving Futures - the PBSF Protocol), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Protecting Brains and Saving Futures - the PBSF Protocol: a Prospective Multicenter and Observational Study on the Use of Telemedicine for Neurocritical Care in High-risk Newborns in Brazil.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Validation of Telehealth Outcome Categories for Patient Safety: Systematic Literature Review.JMIR medical informatics · 2025Pooled it
- Telehealth-guided provider-to-provider communication to improve rural health: A systematic review.Journal of telemedicine and telecare · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of telemedicine support for intraoperative anaesthesia care on postoperative outcomes: the TECTONICS randomised clinical trial.British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Trial
- Article
- Artificial intelligence assisted telemedicine, clinical decision support for anesthesia and critical care in intensive care units: a scoping review.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Policy Considerations for National Virtual Hospitals: Global Evidence and the Seha Virtual Hospital Model.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Review
- Telemedicine in adult intensive care: A systematic review of patient-relevant outcomes and methodological considerations.PLOS digital health · 2025Article
- The Burden of Sepsis and Septic Shock in the Intensive Care Unit.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- How to Evaluate a Regional Telemedical Care Network Focusing on Critically Ill Children? Results from the Consensus-Based Development of an Evaluation Design.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Implementing Telemedicine Intervention in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: Augmented Teleconsultation and Real-Time Monitoring Experience.Telemedicine reports · 2025Article
- Expanding Critical Care Delivery beyond the Intensive Care Unit: Determining the Design and Implementation Needs for a Tele-Critical Care Consultation Service.Applied clinical informatics · 2024Article
- Telemedicine Critical Care-Mediated Mortality Reductions in Lower-Performing Patient Diagnosis Groups: A Prospective, Before and After Study.Critical care explorations · 2023Observational
- Teleneurocritical Care for Patients with Large Vessel Occlusive Ischemic Stroke Treated by Thrombectomy.Neurocritical care · 2023Article
- Outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest among hospitals with and without telemedicine critical care.Resuscitation · 2022Article
- Teleneurocritical Care: Lessons Learned in Standardizing Care.Neurocritical care · 2022Article
- Intensivist and COVID-19 in the United States of America: a narrative review of clinical roles, current workforce, and future direction.The Pan African medical journal · 2022Review
- Article
- Telemedicine in Intensive Care Units: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2021Article
- Association between limiting the number of open records in a tele-critical care setting and retract-reorder errors.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIntensive care unit (ICU) telemedicine is an increasingly common strategy for improving the outcome of critical care, but its overall impact is uncertain.
objectivesTo determine the effectiveness of ICU telemedicine in a national sample of hospitals and quantify variation in effectiveness across hospitals. RESEARCH
designWe performed a multicenter retrospective case-control study using 2001-2010 Medicare claims data linked to a national survey identifying US hospitals adopting ICU telemedicine. We matched each adopting hospital (cases) to up to 3 nonadopting hospitals (controls) based on size, case-mix, and geographic proximity during the year of adoption. Using ICU admissions from 2 years before and after the adoption date, we compared outcomes between case and control hospitals using a difference-in-differences approach.
resultsA total of 132 adopting case hospitals were matched to 389 similar nonadopting control hospitals. The preadoption and postadoption unadjusted 90-day mortality was similar in both case hospitals (24.0% vs. 24.3%, P=0.07) and control hospitals (23.5% vs. 23.7%, P<0.01). In the difference-in-differences analysis, ICU telemedicine adoption was associated with a small relative reduction in 90-day mortality (ratio of odds ratios=0.96; 95% CI, 0.95-0.98; P<0.001). However, there was wide variation in the ICU telemedicine effect across individual hospitals (median ratio of odds ratios=1.01; interquartile range, 0.85-1.12; range, 0.45-2.54). Only 16 case hospitals (12.2%) experienced statistically significant mortality reductions postadoption. Hospitals with a significant mortality reduction were more likely to have large annual admission volumes (P<0.001) and be located in urban areas (P=0.04) compared with other hospitals.
conclusionsAlthough ICU telemedicine adoption resulted in a small relative overall mortality reduction, there was heterogeneity in effect across adopting hospitals, with large-volume urban hospitals experiencing the greatest mortality reductions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.