ArticleThe American journal on addictions2016
Predictors of needle exchange program utilization during its implementation and expansion in Tijuana, Mexico.
Article in The American journal on addictions, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Harms associated with injecting in public spaces: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Pooled it
- Preliminary Efficacy of a Theory-Informed Intervention to Increase COVID-19 Testing Uptake Among People Who Inject Drugs in San Diego County: Findings From a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2023Trial
- Characterization of People Living with HIV Who Inject Drugs in Mexico City: Importance for Transmission and Detection.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2025Article
- Study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial to increase COVID-19 testing and vaccination among people who inject drugs in San Diego County.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2022Article
- Sex differences in the multilevel determinants of injection risk behaviours among people who inject drugs in Tijuana, Mexico.Drug and alcohol review · 2020Observational
- Prevalence and Correlates of Injecting with Visitors from the United States Among People Who Inject Drugs in Tijuana, Mexico.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2019Article
- The Role of Gender in the Health and Human Rights Practices of Police: The SHIELD Study in Tijuana, Mexico.Health and human rights · 2019Article
- Where Is the Opioid Use Epidemic in Mexico? A Cautionary Tale for Policymakers South of the US-Mexico Border.American journal of public health · 2019Article
- Cross-border injection drug use and HIV and hepatitis C virus seropositivity among people who inject drugs in San Diego, California.The International journal on drug policy · 2017Article
- A tale of two cities: Social and environmental influences shaping risk factors and protective behaviors in two Mexico-US border cities.Health & place · 2009Article
- Mexico's evolving HIV epidemic.JAMA · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveUntil the early 2000s, there was only one needle exchange program (NEP) offered in Mexico. In 2004, the second Mexican NEP opened in Tijuana, but its utilization has not been studied. We studied predictors of initiating NEP during its early expansion in Tijuana, Mexico.
methodsFrom April 2006 to April 2007, people who inject drugs (PWID) residing in Tijuana who had injected within the last month were recruited using respondent-driven sampling. Weighted Poisson regression incorporating generalized estimating equations was used to identify predictors of initiating NEP, while accounting for correlation between recruiter and recruits.
resultsNEP uptake increased from 20% at baseline to 59% after 6 months. Among a subsample of PWID not accessing NEP at baseline (n = 480), 83% were male and median age was 37 years (Interquartile Range: 32-43). At baseline, 4.4% were HIV-infected and 5.9% had syphilis titers >1:8. In multivariate models, factors associated with NEP initiation (p < .05) were attending shooting galleries (Adjusted Relative Risk [ARR]: 1.54); arrest for track-marks (ARR: 1.38); having a family member that ever used drugs (ARR: 1.37); and having a larger PWID network (ARR: 1.01 per 10 persons). NEP initiation was inversely associated with obtaining syringes at pharmacies (ARR: .56); earning >2500 pesos/month (ARR: .66); and reporting needle sharing (ARR: .71).
conclusionsUptake of NEP expansion in Tijuana was vigorous among PWID. We identified a range of factors that influenced the likelihood of NEP initiation, including police interaction. These findings have important implications for the scale-up of NEP in Mexico.
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