ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2016
Adolescent Rats Self-Administer Less Nicotine Than Adults at Low Doses.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulatory Approaches and Implementation of Minimally Addictive Combusted Products.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Pooled it
- Nicotine Reduction in Cigarettes: Literature Review and Gap Analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Pooled it
- Sex differences in nicotine intravenous self-administration: A meta-analytic review.Physiology & behavior · 2019Pooled it
- Long-term effects of adolescent versus adult nicotine self-administration on cholinergic modulation of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens core.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Exploring the Link between Altitude of Residence and Smoking Patterns in the United States.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Consequences of adolescent drug use.Translational psychiatry · 2023Review
- Nanoassemblies from the aqueous extract of roasted coffee beans modulate the behavioral and molecular effects of smoking withdrawal-induced anxiety in female rats.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Article
- Elucidating the reinforcing effects of nicotine: a tribute to Nadia Chaudhri.Psychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Sex and age differences in approach behavior toward a port that delivers nicotine vapor.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2022Article
- Acetylsalicylic acid reduces cigarette smoke withdrawal-induced anxiety in ratsFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- A review of the evidence on cigarettes with reduced addictiveness potential.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Review
- Reactions to reduced nicotine content cigarettes in a sample of young adult, low-frequency smokers.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Adolescent nicotine and tobacco smoke exposure enhances nicotine self-administration in female rats.Neuropharmacology · 2020Article
- Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2020Review
- Rewarding Effects of Nicotine in Adolescent and Adult Male and Female Rats as Measured Using Intracranial Self-stimulation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Anticipated Effects of Nicotine Reduction on Youth Smoking Initiation and Maintenance.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Article
- Status and Future Directions of Preclinical Behavioral Pharmacology in Tobacco Regulatory Science.Behavior analysis (Washington, D.C.) · 2018Article
- Reduced sensitivity to reinforcement in adolescent compared to adult Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes.Psychopharmacology · 2018Article
- Animal Research on Nicotine Reduction: Current Evidence and Research Gaps.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2017Article
- Chronic Nicotine Exposure Initiated in Adolescence and Unpaired to Behavioral Context Fails to Enhance Sweetened Ethanol Seeking.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAlthough nearly 90% of current smokers initiated tobacco use during adolescence, little is known about reinforcement by nicotine in adolescents. Researchers are currently investigating whether a potential public health policy setting a tobacco product standard with very low nicotine levels would improve public health, and it is essential to understand whether data generated in adults translates to adolescents, particularly as it relates to the threshold dose of nicotine required to support smoking. The present study compared self-administration of low doses of nicotine between adolescent and adult rats.
methodsAdolescent (postnatal day [P] 30) and adult (P90) male and female rats were allowed to nosepoke to receive intravenous infusions of nicotine (3-100 μg/kg/infusion) during 16 daily 1-hour sessions.
resultsAt 10 μg/kg/infusion nicotine, adolescent rats earned significantly fewer infusions than adults. When responding for 30 μg/kg/infusion nicotine, rats of both ages earned a similar number of infusions; however, there were subtle differences in the distribution of infusions across the 1-hour session. No sex differences were apparent in either age group at any dose.
conclusionsThese results demonstrate that adolescent rats are less sensitive than adults to the primary reinforcing effects of nicotine. However, at nicotine doses that support self-administration in both age groups, adolescent and adult rats do not differ in acquisition or number of infusions earned. These results suggest that reducing nicotine levels in cigarettes to a level that does not support smoking in adults may be sufficient to reduce the acquisition of smoking in adolescents. IMPLICATIONS: The results of the present studies demonstrate that adolescent rats are less sensitive than adults to the primary reinforcing effects of nicotine. These results suggest that reducing nicotine levels in cigarettes to a level that does not support smoking in adults will be sufficient to reduce the acquisition of smoking in adolescents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.