Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26763025›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society2016

Vitamin D deficiency and incident stroke risk in community-living black and white adults.

Suzanne E Judd, Charity J Morgan, Bhupesh Panwar, Virginia J Howard, Virginia G Wadley, Nancy S Jenny, Brett M Kissela, Orlando M Gutiérrez

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  14. Vitamin D3 and Ischemic Stroke: A Narrative Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Suzanne E JuddDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Charity J MorganDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Bhupesh PanwarDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Virginia J HowardDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Virginia G WadleyDivision of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Nancy S JennyDepartments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA.
Brett M KisselaDepartment of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA.
Orlando M GutiérrezDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA ogutierr@uab.edu.
University of Alabama at Birmingham · USUniversity of Cincinnati · USUniversity of Vermont · US

Funding

VCID and Stroke in a Bi-racial National CohortU01NS041588 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI CUSHMAN, MARY, HOWARD, GEORGE · 2002 to 2022
$96.0M
LCenter for Clinical and Translational Science and TrainingUL1TR001425 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI HEUBI, JAMES E., KISSELA, BRETT M · 2015 to 2024
$37.5M
Impact of disordered mineral metabolism on stroke and cognitive impairmentR01NS080850 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI GUTIERREZ, ORLANDO M · 2012 to 2016
$1.2M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001425NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS080850NINDS NIH HHS R01NS080850NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS041588
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBlack individuals are at greater risk of stroke and vitamin D deficiency than white individuals. Epidemiologic studies have shown that low 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with increased risk of stroke, but these studies had limited representation of black individuals.

methodsWe examined the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with incident stroke in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, a cohort of black and white adults ≥45 years of age. Using a case-cohort study design, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured in 610 participants who developed incident stroke (cases) and in 937 stroke-free individuals from a stratified cohort random sample of REGARDS participants (comparison cohort).

resultsIn multivariable models adjusted for socio-demographic factors, co-morbidities and laboratory values including parathyroid hormone, lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were associated with higher risk of stroke (25-hydroxyvitamin D >30 ng/mL reference; 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations 20-30 ng/mL, hazard ratio 1.33, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.89,1.96; 25-hydroxyvitamin D <20 ng/mL, hazard ratio 1.85, 95% CI 1.17, 2.93). There were no statistically significant differences in the association of lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D with higher risk of stroke in black vs. white participants in fully adjusted models (hazard ratio comparing lowest vs. highest 25-hydroxyvitamin D category 2.62, 95% CI 1.18, 5.83 in blacks vs. 1.64, 95% CI 0.83, 3.24 in whites, P(interaction) = 0.82). The associations were qualitatively unchanged when restricted to ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke subtypes or when using race-specific cut-offs for 25-hydroxyvitamin D categories.

conclusionsVitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for incident stroke and the strength of this association does not appear to differ by race.

Indexed as

AgedBlack or African AmericanCohort StudiesFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisRisk FactorsSex FactorsStrokeUnited StatesVitamin D DeficiencyWhite PeopleepidemiologyStrokevitamin D

Identifiers

PMID26763025
PMCPMC4920062
OpenAlexW2258018500

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.