ReviewCurrent opinion in HIV and AIDS2016
Immune activation in the central nervous system throughout the course of HIV infection.
Review in Current opinion in HIV and AIDS, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Implications and prospects of immunological and neuroimaging research in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Remitted depression and cognition in HIV: The role of cortisol and inflammation.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2020Trial
- Sleep health epidemiology in adults with and without HIV in Mwanza, Tanzania: Baseline results from an ongoing cohort study.Sleep epidemiology · 2026Article
- Brain viral reservoir seeding and neurological metabolic dysregulation in early-life immunodeficiency virus infection.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Expression of Toll-like Receptors and Chemokine Receptors in the Early and Advanced Stages of HIV Infection Aggravated byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune Correlates of HIV and Marijuana Use: Peripheral Biomarkers and Cognitive Function.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Opioid-induced transcriptional reprogramming of cerebrospinal fluid immune cells is associated with neuroinflammatory signaling in antiretroviral treated SIV-infected rhesus macaques.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Opioid-induced transcriptional reprogramming of cerebrospinal fluid immune cells drives neuroinflammation in SIV-infected rhesus macaques.Research square · 2026Article
- T cell-mediated SIV dissemination into the CNS: a single-cell transcriptomic analysis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Persistent type I interferon signaling within the brain of people with HIV on ART with cognitive impairment.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Central Nervous System Disorders with Auto-Antibodies in People Living with HIV.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Silent Intruder: Unusual Presentation of Neurocysticercosis in an HIV-Infected Patient from the Far Northern Brazilian Amazon.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Microglial- neuronal crosstalk in chronic viral infection through mTOR, SPP1/OPN and inflammasome pathway signaling.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Update on Central Nervous System Effects of the Intersection of HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Longitudinal changes in neurocognitive performance related to drug use intensity in a sample of persons with and without HIV who use illicit stimulants.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Psychological stress is associated with arterial inflammation in people living with treated HIV infection.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Article
- Increasing Neuroinflammation Relates to Increasing Neurodegeneration in People with HIV.Viruses · 2023Article
- Molecular neuroimaging of inflammation in HIV.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022Review
- Neuropathogenesis of HIV-1: insights from across the spectrum of acute through long-term treated infection.Seminars in immunopathology · 2022Review
- Neuroinflammatory Profiling in SIV-Infected Chinese-Origin Rhesus Macaques on Antiretroviral Therapy.Viruses · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewRobust and dynamic innate and adaptive responses characterize the acute central nervous system (CNS) response to HIV and other viral infections. In a state of chronic infection or viral latency, persistent immune activation associates with abnormality in the CNS. Understanding this process is critical, as immune-mediated abnormality in nonrenewable CNS cells may result in long-term neurologic sequelae for HIV-infected individuals. RECENT
findingsIn humans, immune activation is reduced by suppressive combination antiretroviral therapy, but persists at abnormally elevated levels on treatment. CNS immune activation is initiated in acute infection and progressively increases until combination antiretroviral therapy is started. Newly identified characteristics of the CNS immune surveillance network include features of homeostasis and function of brain microglial cells, lymphatic drainage from CNS to cervical lymph nodes, and cells in cerebrospinal fluid associated with neurocognitive impairment. SUMMARY: More research is required to determine whether early intervention to reduce infection limits the immunopathology established by sustained immune responses that ultimately fail to resolve infection, and to unravel mechanisms of persistent immune activation during treated HIV so that strategies can be developed to therapeutically protect the brain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.