ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016
Switch-mediated activation and retargeting of CAR-T cells for B-cell malignancies.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 243 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 1, Open-label, Dose Escalating Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Activity of the Combination of CLBR001 and SWI019 in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory B-cell Malignancies
A Study to Evaluate the Long-Term Safety of CLBR001, A Lentiviral Based Chimeric Antigen Receptor, In Patients With B-Cell Malignancies Previously Administered CLBR001
Who cites it
243 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 399 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the clinical landscape of multifunctional CAR T cells: Targets, trends, and synergies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Modular (universal) CAR-T platformsFrontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Meditope-Enabled Chimeric Antigen Receptors Facilitate Plug-and-Play Control of T Cells.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- Recent advances in molecular mechanisms to improve the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy for viral diseases, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- A Drug-Gated, Modular STAb-T Immunotherapy With External Control.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Targeting Adaptive and Innate Immune Responses with Covalent Aptamers.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Design optimization of antibody-ligand motifs to enhance CAR-T redirection activity against solid tumors.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Transcriptional and functional profiling reveals unique activation of Adapter CAR T cells in acute myeloid leukemia.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Application of CAR-T therapy in solid tumors: current opportunities and challenges.Cancer gene therapy · 2026Review
- Engineering programmable CAR and antigen pairing via drug-gated light activation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- CAR-T cells co-expressing IL-7 and CCL19 promote epitope spreading to enhance antitumor immunity.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Adapter-based allogeneic CAR T cells to overcome antigen escape in solid tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Engineering CAR-T cells for solid tumors: overcoming antigenic, trafficking, and microenvironmental barriers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gaps and paths forward in cancer pharmacology and translational research.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The Current Landscape of Modular CAR T Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Evaluation of multi-antigen targeting ADCC strategies in pediatric BCP-ALL.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Small-molecule control of CAR T cells.Nature reviews. Chemistry · 2025Review
- Protein catenation potentiates antitumor activity of malaria VAR2CSA navigation CAR-T cells in a mouse model of hematological malignancies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- The challenges and progress of CAR-T cell therapy in the treatment of solid tumors.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Hyper-migratory CAR T cells alleviate ovarian cancer metastatic burden and improve prognosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
183 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has produced impressive results in clinical trials for B-cell malignancies. However, safety concerns related to the inability to control CAR-T cells once infused into the patient remain a significant challenge. Here we report the engineering of recombinant antibody-based bifunctional switches that consist of a tumor antigen-specific Fab molecule engrafted with a peptide neo-epitope, which is bound exclusively by a peptide-specific switchable CAR-T cell (sCAR-T). The switch redirects the activity of the bio-orthogonal sCAR-T cells through the selective formation of immunological synapses, in which the sCAR-T cell, switch, and target cell interact in a structurally defined and temporally controlled manner. Optimized switches specific for CD19 controlled the activity, tissue-homing, cytokine release, and phenotype of sCAR-T cells in a dose-titratable manner in a Nalm-6 xenograft rodent model of B-cell leukemia. The sCAR-T-cell dosing regimen could be tuned to provide efficacy comparable to the corresponding conventional CART-19, but with lower cytokine levels, thereby offering a method of mitigating cytokine release syndrome in clinical translation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this methodology is readily adaptable to targeting CD20 on cancer cells using the same sCAR-T cell, suggesting that this approach may be broadly applicable to heterogeneous and resistant tumor populations, as well as other liquid and solid tumor antigens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.