Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26758525›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2016

Stochastic expression of a multiple antibiotic resistance activator confers transient resistance in single cells.

Imane El Meouche, Yik Siu, Mary J Dunlop

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
71citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

71 citing papers in PubMed.

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  16. Pulsatile basal gene expression as a fitness determinant in bacteria.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
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11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Imane El MeoucheSchool of Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA 05405.
Yik SiuSchool of Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA 05405.
Mary J DunlopSchool of Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA 05405.

Funding

Feedback and Noise in a Multiple Antibiotic Resistance CircuitR01AI102922 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI Mary J. Dunlop · 2014 to 2026
$4.7M
NIAID NIH HHS 1R01AI102922NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI102922
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transient resistance can allow microorganisms to temporarily survive lethal concentrations of antibiotics. This can be accomplished through stochastic mechanisms, where individual cells within a population display diverse phenotypes to hedge against the appearance of an antibiotic. To date, research on transient stochastic resistance has focused primarily on mechanisms where a subpopulation of cells enters a dormant, drug-tolerant state. However, a fundamental question is whether stochastic gene expression can also generate variable resistance levels among growing cells in a population. We hypothesized that stochastic expression of antibiotic-inducible resistance mechanisms might play such a role. To investigate this, we focused on a prototypical example of such a system: the multiple antibiotic resistance activator MarA. Previous studies have shown that induction of MarA can lead to a multidrug resistant phenotype at the population level. We asked whether MarA expression also has a stochastic component, even when uninduced. Time lapse microscopy showed that isogenic cells express heterogeneous, dynamic levels of MarA, which were correlated with transient antibiotic survival. This finding has important clinical implications, as stochastic expression of resistance genes may be widespread, allowing populations to hedge against the sudden appearance of an antibiotic.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialGene Expression Regulation, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsCarbenicillinDNA-Binding ProteinsEscherichia coliEscherichia coli ProteinsGene ExpressionMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMicrobial ViabilityAnti-Bacterial AgentsCarbenicillinDNA-Binding ProteinsEscherichia coli ProteinsMarA protein, E coli

Identifiers

PMID26758525
PMCPMC4725842

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.