Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26755493›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2016

Prevalence and risk factors for carriage of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Amsterdam.

E A Reuland, N Al Naiemi, A M Kaiser, M Heck, J A J W Kluytmans, P H M Savelkoul, P J M Elders, C M J E Vandenbroucke-Grauls

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
21.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 171 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Review
  6. Article
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  9. Prevalence and risk factors of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli causing urinary tract infections in Iceland during 2012-2021.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024
    Observational
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  11. Review
  12. Human carriage of ESBL/pAmpC-producingMicrobiology spectrum · 2024
    Article
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16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

E A ReulandMedical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands e.reuland@vumc.nl.
N Al NaiemiMedical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Laboratory for Medical Microbiology and Public Health, Hengelo, The Netherlands Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Ziekenhuisgroep Twente, Almelo, The Netherlands.
A M KaiserMedical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
M HeckCenter for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
J A J W KluytmansMedical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands Department of Medical Microbiology, St Elisabeth Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
P H M SavelkoulMedical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
P J M EldersEMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
C M J E Vandenbroucke-GraulsMedical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc · NLElisabeth-TweeSteden Ziekenhuis · NLEMGO Institute for Health and Care Research · NLNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of carriage of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) in a representative sample of the general adult Dutch community, to identify risk factors and to gain understanding of the epidemiology of these resistant strains.

methodsAdults enrolled in five general practices in Amsterdam were approached by postal mail and asked to fill in a questionnaire and to collect a faecal sample. Samples were analysed for the presence of ESBL-E. ESBL genes were characterized by PCR and sequencing. Strains were typed using MLST and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and plasmids were identified by PCR-based replicon typing. Risk factors for carriage were investigated by multivariate analysis.

resultsESBL-E were found in 145/1695 (8.6%) samples; 91% were Escherichia coli. Most ESBL genes were of the CTX-M group (blaCTX-M-1 and blaCTX-M-15). MLST ST131 was predominant and mainly associated with CTX-M-15-producing E. coli. One isolate with reduced susceptibility to ertapenem produced OXA-48. In multivariate analyses, use of antimicrobial agents, use of antacids and travel to Africa, Asia and Northern America were associated with carriage of ESBL-E, in particular strains with blaCTX-M-14/15.

conclusionsThis study showed a high prevalence of ESBL-E carriage in the general Dutch community. Also, outside hospitals, the use of antibiotics was a risk factor; interestingly, use of antacids increased the risk of carriage. A major risk factor in the general population was travel to countries outside Europe, in particular to Asia, Africa and Northern America.

Indexed as

Carrier StateAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAmplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysisbeta-Lactamasesbeta-Lactam ResistanceCase-Control StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesEnterobacteriaceaeEnterobacteriaceae InfectionsFemaleHumansMaleMicrobial Sensitivity Testsbeta-Lactamases

Identifiers

PMID26755493
PMCPMC4790620
OpenAlexW2256690080

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.