ArticleBMC medicine2016
Ethnic variations in asthma hospital admission, readmission and death: a retrospective, national cohort study of 4.62 million people in Scotland.
Article in BMC medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of the evidence of outdoor air pollution on asthma hospital visits in children and adolescents in South Asia - a call for data.Wellcome open research · 2021Pooled it
- Interventions to enhance the adoption of asthma self-management behaviour in the South Asian and African American population: a systematic review.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Effect of an Education Programme for South Asians with Asthma and Their Clinicians: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial (OEDIPUS).PloS one · 2016Trial
- Asthma and Multimorbidity Amongst Ethnic Minority Groups in High Income Countries.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Review
- Asthma exacerbation risk after short-term air pollution exposure varies by age, sex, severity, and eosinophil count: East London cohort study.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- 'Will anybody listen?' Parents' views on childhood asthma care: a qualitative study.BJGP open · 2024Article
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- Asthma, allergy and vitamin E: Current and future perspectives.Free radical biology & medicine · 2022Article
- Differences in ill health and in socioeconomic inequalities in health by ethnic groups: a cross-sectional study using 2011 Scottish census.Ethnicity & health · 2022Article
- Ethnic inequalities in hospital admissions in England: an observational study.BMC public health · 2021Observational
- Global Quality Statements on Reliever Use in Asthma in Adults and Children Older than 5 Years of Age.Advances in therapy · 2021Article
- Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Adult Patients with Asthma: A Population-Based Cohort Study from UK Primary Care.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2021Article
- Potentially avoidable hospitalization for asthma in children and adolescents by migrant status: results from the Italian Network for Longitudinal Metropolitan Studies.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Fairness, Ethnicity, and COVID-19 Ethics : A Discussion of How the Focus on Fairness in Ethical Guidance During the Pandemic Discriminates Against People From Ethnic Minority Backgrounds.Journal of bioethical inquiry · 2020Article
- A structured collaborative approach to intervention design using a modified intervention mapping approach: a case study using the Management and Interventions for Asthma (MIA) project for South Asian children.BMC medical research methodology · 2020Article
- Socioeconomic status and survival in patients with pulmonary hypertension.ERJ open research · 2020Article
- Ethnic variations in falls and road traffic injuries resulting in hospitalisation or death in Scotland: the Scottish Health and Ethnicity Linkage Study.Public health · 2020Article
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9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOur previous meta-analysis found that South Asians and Blacks in the UK were at a substantially increased risk of hospital admission from asthma. These estimates were, however, derived from pooling data from a limited number of now dated studies, confined to only three very broad ethnic groups (i.e. Whites, South Asians and Blacks) and failed to take account of possible sex-related differences in outcomes within these ethnic groups. We undertook the first study investigating ethnic variations in asthma outcomes across an entire population.
methodsThis retrospective 9-year cohort study linked Scotland's hospitalisation/death records on asthma to the 2001 census (providing ethnic group). We calculated age, country of birth and Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation adjusted incident rate ratios (IRRs) for hospitalisation or death by sex for the period May 2001-2010. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for asthma readmission and subsequent asthma death.
resultsWe were able to link data on 4.62 million people (91.8% of the Scottish population), yielding over 38 million patient-years of data, 1,845 asthma deaths, 113,795 first asthma admissions, and 107,710 readmissions (40,075 of which were for asthma). There were substantial ethnic variations in the rate of hospitalisation/death in both males and females. When compared to the reference Scottish White population, the highest age-adjusted rates were in Pakistani males (IRR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.30-1.94) and females (IRR = 1.50; 95% CI, 1.06-2.11) and Indian males (IRR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.16-1.54), and the lowest were seen in Chinese males (IRR = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.41-0.94) and females (IRR = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.39-0.61).
conclusionThere are very substantial ethnic variations in hospital admission/deaths from asthma in Scotland, with Pakistanis having the worst and Chinese having the best outcomes. Cultural factors, including self-management and health seeking behaviours, and variations in the quality of primary care provision are the most likely explanations for these differences and these now need to be formally investigated.
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