Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26754747›Full record

ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2016

Socioeconomic factors and self-reported health outcomes in African Americans with rheumatoid arthritis from the Southeastern United States: the contribution of childhood socioeconomic status.

Antoine R Baldassari, Rebecca J Cleveland, My-Linh N Luong, Beth L Jonas, Consortium for the Longitudinal Evaluation of African Americans with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis, Doyt L Conn, Larry W Moreland, S Louis Bridges, Leigh F Callahan

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Health Disparities in Rheumatology in the United States.Open access rheumatology : research and reviews · 2025
    Review
  3. Content validity testing of the INTERMED Self-Assessment in a sample of adults with rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatology healthcare providers.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024
    Article
  4. Observational
  5. Observational
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Analysis of Socioeconomic Status in the Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Antoine R BaldassariThurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7280 UNC, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Rebecca J ClevelandThurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7280 UNC, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
My-Linh N LuongThurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7280 UNC, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Beth L JonasThurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7280 UNC, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Consortium for the Longitudinal Evaluation of African Americans with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Doyt L ConnEmory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Larry W MorelandUniversity of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
S Louis BridgesUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Leigh F CallahanThurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7280 UNC, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. leigh_callahan@med.unc.edu.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USEmory University · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

CLEAR-264002247N01AR002247 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · 2000 to 2004
$805k
Social Determinants of Outcomes in African Americans with Rheumatoid ArthritisR01AR056717 · NIAMS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI CALLAHAN, LEIGH FLEMING · 2010 to 2011
$392k
NIAMS NIH HHS N01 AR002247NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR056717NIAMS NIH HHS R01-AR056717-02
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is abundant evidence that low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with worse health outcomes among people with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA); however, the influence of socioeconomic disadvantage in early life has yet to be studied within that population.

methodsData originated from the cross-sectional arm of the Consortium Evaluation of African-Americans with Rheumatoid Arthritis (CLEAR II), which recruited African-Americans with RA from six sites in the Southeastern United States. We used linear regression models to evaluate associations of parental homeownership status and educational level at participant time of birth with participant-reported fatigue (Visual Analog scale, cm), pain (Visual Analog scale, cm), disability (Health Assessment Questionnaire) and helplessness (Rheumatology Attitudes Index), independently of participant homeownership status and educational level. Models included random effects to account for intra-site correlations, and were adjusted for variables identified using backward selection, from: age, disease-duration, sex, medication use, body-mass index, smoking history.

resultsOur sample included 516 CLEAR II participants with full data on demographics and covariates. 89% of participants were women, the mean age was 54.7 years and mean disease duration was 10.8 years. In age adjusted models, parental non-homeownership was associated with greater fatigue (β = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.36-1.14), disability (β = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.04-0.19) and helplessness (β = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.03-0.21), independently of participant homeownership and education; parental education had a further small influence on self-reported fatigue (β = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.15-0.24).

conclusionsParental homeownership, and to a small extent parental education, had modest but meaningful relationships with self-reported health among CLEAR II participants.

Indexed as

Health StatusSelf ReportSocial ClassAdultAgedArthritis, RheumatoidBlack or African AmericanChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPain MeasurementRisk FactorsSocioeconomic Factors

Identifiers

PMID26754747
PMCPMC4709946
OpenAlexW2236351190

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.