Observational studyPloS one2016
Geographic Variations in Retention in Care among HIV-Infected Adults in the United States.
Observational study in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Ending the HIV Epidemic in the United States Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Modeling Analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Modeling the Public Health Impact of Improved Antiretroviral Therapy Restart Patterns Among People with HIV Who Have Discontinued Treatment.Journal of health economics and outcomes research · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Patterns and Predictors of Racial Disparities of HIV Retention in Care: A Statewide Cohort Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Barriers and pathways to re-engage people with HIV and substance use in medical care: a qualitative study among persons with lived experience.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Trends and spatial patterns of human immunodeficiency virus prevalence among men and women aged 15-49 in Sierra Leone: evidence from the 2008, 2013 and 2019 Demographic and Health Surveys.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Projecting the Potential Clinical and Economic Impact of HIV Prevention Resource Reallocation in Tennessee.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Article
- Retention in care and antiretroviral therapy adherence among Medicaid beneficiaries with HIV, 2001-2015.AIDS care · 2024Article
- Retention in care and antiretroviral therapy adherence among Medicaid beneficiaries with HIV, 2001-2015.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- A Growing Number of Men Who Have Sex With Men Aging With HIV (20212031): A Comparison of Two Microsimulation Models.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Development and Validation of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Missed HIV Health Care Provider Visits in a Large US Clinical Cohort.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Determinants of loss to care and risk of clinical progression in PLWH who are re-engaged in care after a temporary loss.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- County-level predictors of retention in care status among people living with HIV in South Carolina from 2010 to 2016: a data-driven approach.AIDS (London, England) · 2021Article
- Tuberculosis Transmission or Mortality Among Persons Living with HIV, USA, 2011-2016.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2020Article
- Ending the HIV Epidemic Among Persons Who Inject Drugs: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Six US Cities.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Measuring engagement in HIV care: Measurement invariance in three racial/ethnic patient groups.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2020Article
- Examining engagement in care of women living with HIV in South India.Health care for women international · 2020Article
- Clinical and Economic Impact of Ibalizumab for People With Multidrug-Resistant HIV in the United States.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo understand geographic variations in clinical retention, a central component of the HIV care continuum and key to improving individual- and population-level HIV outcomes.
designWe evaluated retention by US region in a retrospective observational study.
methodsAdults receiving care from 2000-2010 in 12 clinical cohorts of the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) contributed data. Individuals were assigned to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-defined regions by residential data (10 cohorts) and clinic location as proxy (2 cohorts). Retention was ≥2 primary HIV outpatient visits within a calendar year, >90 days apart. Trends and regional differences were analyzed using modified Poisson regression with clustering, adjusting for time in care, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and HIV risk, and stratified by baseline CD4+ count.
resultsAmong 78,993 adults with 444,212 person-years of follow-up, median time in care was 7 years (Interquartile Range: 4-9). Retention increased from 2000 to 2010: from 73% (5,000/6,875) to 85% (7,189/8,462) in the Northeast, 75% (1,778/2,356) to 87% (1,630/1,880) in the Midwest, 68% (8,451/12,417) to 80% (9,892/12,304) in the South, and 68% (5,147/7,520) to 72% (6,401/8,895) in the West. In adjusted analyses, retention improved over time in all regions (p<0.01, trend), although the average percent retained lagged in the West and South vs. the Northeast (p<0.01).
conclusionsIn our population, retention improved, though regional differences persisted even after adjusting for demographic and HIV risk factors. These data demonstrate regional differences in the US which may affect patient care, despite national care recommendations.
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