Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26752111›Full record

ArticleGastroenterology2016

Microsatellite Alterations With Allelic Loss at 9p24.2 Signify Less-Aggressive Colorectal Cancer Metastasis.

Minoru Koi, Melissa Garcia, Chan Choi, Hyeong-Rok Kim, Junichi Koike, Hiromichi Hemmi, Takeshi Nagasaka, Yoshinaga Okugawa, Yuji Toiyama, Takahito Kitajima and 6 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Gastroenterology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Gastro hep advances · 2026
    Review
  6. Interferon Epsilon Loss Is Elusive 9p21 Link to Immune-Cold Tumors, Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Therapy, and Endogenous CXCL9/10 Induction.Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.

Minoru KoiDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Laboratory, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas. Electronic address: mkoi@med.Umich.edu.
Melissa GarciaGastrointestinal Cancer Research Laboratory, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
Chan ChoiDepartment of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
Hyeong-Rok KimDepartment of Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
Junichi KoikeDepartment of Surgery, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiromichi HemmiDepartment of Molecular Immunology, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Takeshi NagasakaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Yoshinaga OkugawaGastrointestinal Cancer Research Laboratory, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Mie University, Mie, Japan.
Yuji ToiyamaDepartment of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Mie University, Mie, Japan.
Takahito KitajimaDepartment of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Mie University, Mie, Japan.
Hiroki ImaokaDepartment of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Mie University, Mie, Japan.
Masato KusunokiDepartment of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Mie University, Mie, Japan.
Yin-Hsiu ChenDepartment of Biostatistics School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Bhramar MukherjeeDepartment of Biostatistics School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
C Richard BolandGastrointestinal Cancer Research Laboratory, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas. Electronic address: RickBo@BaylorHealth.edu.
John M CarethersDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Electronic address: jcarethe@med.umich.edu.
Mie University · JPUniversity of Michigan · USBaylor University Medical Center · USToho University · JPChonnam National University · KRChonnam National University Hospital · KROkayama University · JP

Funding

The Biology and Diagnosis of HNPCCR01CA072851 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO · PI GOEL, AJAY · 1996 to 2019
$6.6M
MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY &DNA MISMATCH REPAIR SYSTEMR01DK067287 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI CARETHERS, JOHN M · 2005 to 2015
$3.2M
Inflammatory Differentiation of Colorectal Cancer Among African AmericansU01CA162147 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI CARETHERS, JOHN M · 2012 to 2016
$1.4M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA072851NCI NIH HHS R01 CA72851NCI NIH HHS U01 CA162147NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK067287
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND &

aimsMolecular events that lead to recurrence and/or metastasis after curative treatment of patients with colorectal cancers (CRCs) are poorly understood. Patients with stage II or III primary CRC with elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats and low levels of microsatellite instability (E/L) are more likely to have disease recurrence after treatment. Hypoxia and/or inflammation not only promote metastasis, but also induce elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats by causing deficiency of MSH3 in the cancer cell nucleus. We aimed to identify genetic alterations associated with metastasis of primary colorectal tumors to liver and to determine their effects on survival.

methodsWe obtained 4 sets of primary colorectal tumors and matched liver metastases from hospitals in Korea and Japan. Intragenic microsatellites with large repeats at 141 loci were examined for frame-shift mutations and/or loss of heterozygosity (LOH) as possible consequences of MSH3 deficiency. Highly altered loci were examined for association with E/L in liver metastases. We analyzed data from 156 of the patients with stage II or III primary colorectal tumors to determine outcomes and whether altered loci were associated with E/L.

resultsLOH at several loci at chromosome 9p24.2 (9p24.2-LOH) was associated with E/L in liver metastases (odds ratio = 10.5; 95% confidence interval: 2.69-40.80; P = .0007). We found no significant difference in the frequency of E/L, 9p24.2-LOH, mutations in KRAS or BRAF, or the combination of E/L and 9p24.2-LOH, between primary colorectal tumors and their matched metastases. Patients with stage II or III colorectal tumors with E/L and 9p24.2-LOH had increased survival after CRC recurrence (hazard ratio = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.12-0.50; P = .0001), compared with patients without with E/L and 9p24.2-LOH. E/L with 9p24.2-LOH appeared to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival of patients with stage III CRC (hazard ratio = 0.06; 95% CI: 0.01-0.57; P = .01).

conclusionsE/L with 9p24-LOH appears to be a biomarker for less aggressive metastasis from stage III primary colorectal tumors.

Indexed as

Chromosome AberrationsChromosomes, Human, Pair 9Loss of HeterozygosityMicrosatellite RepeatsBiomarkers, TumorChi-Square DistributionColorectal NeoplasmsDisease-Free SurvivalDisease ProgressionFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansJapanKaplan-Meier EstimateLiver NeoplasmsLogistic ModelsBiomarkers, TumorBRAF protein, humanKRAS protein, humanProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Colon CancerMicrosatellite InstabilityProgressionRecurrence

Identifiers

PMID26752111
PMCPMC4808397
OpenAlexW2197322945

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.