ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2016
Thiazide-Associated Hypercalcemia: Incidence and Association With Primary Hyperparathyroidism Over Two Decades.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Primary hyperparathyroidism unmasking after dienogest-altered estrogen dynamics: implications for calcium homeostasis.JCEM case reports · 2026Article
- Article
- A Biochemical Investigation of the Prevalence of Hypercalcemia and Thiazide-Related Hypercalcemia in Patients.Current drug safety · 2026Article
- Primary Hyperparathyroidism with Severe Vitamin D Deficiency in Chronic Kidney Disease.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Risk of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Modified by Diuretics-A Population-Level Case-Control Study.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Stable Incidence and Increasing Prevalence of Primary Hyperparathyroidism in a Population-based Study in Scotland.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- A Delicate Balance: Challenges in the Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Congestive Heart Failure.Cureus · 2023Article
- The Eucalcemic Patient With Elevated Parathyroid Hormone Levels.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2023Article
- Two-way Road of Kidney and Hypercalcemia: A Narrative Review.Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets · 2023Review
- Antihypertensives associated adverse events: a review of mechanisms and pharmacogenomic biomarkers available evidence in multi-ethnic populations.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- [The short test with hydrochlorothiazide in differential diagnosis between primary normocalcemic and secondary hyperparathyroidism for inpatient treatment].Problemy endokrinologii · 2022Article
- Thiazide use and skeletal microstructure: Results from a multi-ethnic study.Bone reports · 2022Article
- Review
- Proton-pump Inhibitor-induced Severe Hypomagnesemia and Hypocalcemia are Clinically Masked by Thiazide Diuretic.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2019Article
- Primary Hyperparathyroidism.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2018Review
- Hypercalcemia in the Presence of an Ectopic Mediastinal Mass.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextThiazide diuretics, the antihypertensive agent prescribed most frequently worldwide, are commonly associated with hypercalcemia. However, the epidemiology and clinical features are poorly understood.
objectiveTo update the incidence of thiazide-associated hypercalcemia and clarify its clinical features. PATIENTS AND
methodsIn a population-based descriptive study, Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents with thiazide-associated hypercalcemia were identified through the Rochester Epidemiology Project and the Mayo Clinic Laboratory Information System from 2002-2010 and were added to the historical cohort beginning in 1992. MAIN OUTCOME: Incidence rates were adjusted to the 2010 United States white population.
resultsOverall, 221 Olmsted County residents were identified with thiazide-associated hypercalcemia an average of 5.2 years after initiation of treatment. Subjects were older (mean age, 67 years) and primarily women (86.4%). The incidence of thiazide-associated hypercalcemia increased after 1997 and peaked in 2006 with an annual incidence of 20 per 100,000, compared to an overall rate of 12 per 100,000 in 1992-2010. Severe hypercalcemia was not observed in the cohort despite continuation of thiazide treatment in 62.4%. Of patients discontinuing thiazides, 71% continued to have hypercalcemia. Primary hyperparathyroidism was diagnosed in 53 patients (24%), including five patients who underwent parathyroidectomy without thiazide discontinuation.
conclusionsMany patients with thiazide-associated hypercalcemia have underlying primary hyperparathyroidism. Additionally, a sharp rise in thiazide-associated hypercalcemia incidence began in 1998, paralleling the increase observed in primary hyperparathyroidism in this community. Case ascertainment bias from targeted osteoporosis screening is the most likely explanation.
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Registered trials
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