Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26749521›Full record

ArticleJournal of gastroenterology and hepatology2016

Trends in esophageal cancer survival in United States adults from 1973 to 2009: A SEER database analysis.

Basile Njei, Thomas R McCarty, John W Birk

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 182 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
182citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

182 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Cost effectiveness analysis of Barrett's esophagus screening: A systematic review.Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology · 2025
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122 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Basile NjeiSection of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Thomas R McCartySection of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
John W BirkDepartment of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.

Funding

Training Program in Investigative HepatologyT32DK007356 · NIDDK · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI MICHAEL H NATHANSON · 1986 to 2026
$7.4M
NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007356
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimThe rise in incidence of esophageal cancer (EC) in the USA over the last four decades has been well documented; however, data on trends in long-term survival and impact on modern therapies associated with survival are lacking.

methodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was queried to identify patients with confirmed EC. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to determine independent mortality factors.

resultsOf 93 167 patients diagnosed with EC between 1973 and 2009, 49% had a histologic diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). There was an increase (almost double) in the proportion of patients with adenocarcinoma from the 1970s to 2000s (n = 2,350; 35% to n = 32,212; 61%, P < 0.001). Surgery was performed for localized disease in a majority of EC regardless of type (n = 46 683; 89%). Use of surgical treatment increased significantly over the study period (49% to 64%, P < 0.001). There was also an increase in overall median survival (6 months versus 10 months, P < 0.001) and 5-year survival rate (9% to 22%, P < 0.001). Median survival increased consistently for EAC and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) until the 1990s. After this period, median survival of EAC continued to increase more rapidly while SCC remained relatively stable.

conclusionA significant survival improvement in esophageal cancer was seen from 1973 to 2009, largely because of earlier detection at a curative stage and greater utilization of treatment modalities (especially surgery). Despite the rising prevalence, patients with EAC have better long-term survival outcomes than those SCC.

Indexed as

AdenocarcinomaAgedAge FactorsCarcinoma, Squamous CellEarly Detection of CancerEsophageal NeoplasmsEsophageal Squamous Cell CarcinomaEsophagectomyFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNeoplasm StagingPredictive Value of Testsadenocarcinomacarcinomaesophagussquamous

Identifiers

PMID26749521
PMCPMC4885788

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.