ArticleBMJ open2016
Associations of vitamin D status, bone health and anthropometry, with gross motor development and performance of school-aged Indian children who were born at term with low birth weight.
Article in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- High burden of hypovitaminosis D among the children and adolescents in South Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- The role of serum levels of vitamin D in children's muscle strength: A systematic review.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children: a systematic review.Wellcome open research · 2020Pooled it
- Is vitamin D deficiency a public health concern for low middle income countries? A systematic literature review.European journal of nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Association of Serum Vitamin A and D Status with Neuropsychological Development Outcomes in Children Aged 4 to 24 Months: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Article
- Vitamin D status and muscle strength in a pan-European cohort of children and adolescents with normal weight and overweight/obesity.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Changes in peripheral quantitative computed tomography measured bone density, size, and strength in Zimbabwean children with and without HIV over one year: a cohort study.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2024Article
- Associations of linear growth and weight gain in the first 2 years with bone mass at 4 years of age in children in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- Association Between Vitamin D Insufficiency and Impaired Bone Density Among Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired HIV Infection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- The impact of HIV infection on skeletal maturity in peripubertal children in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Hand grip strength, vitamin D status, and diets as predictors of bone health in 6-12 years old school children.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2023Observational
- Impaired Bone Architecture in Peripubertal Children With HIV, Despite Treatment With Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study From Zimbabwe.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2023Article
- Fractures in sub-Saharan Africa: epidemiology, economic impact and ethnography (Fractures-EWellcome open research · 2023Article
- The associations between stunting and wasting at 12 months of age and developmental milestones delays in a cohort of Cambodian children.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Correlation between Cord Blood Vitamin D Levels and Problem-Solving Neurodevelopment in Early Childhood: A Cohort Study in Rural Indonesia.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effect of HIV infection on growth and bone density in peripubertal children in the era of antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study in Zimbabwe.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2021Article
- Birth month and infant gross motor development: Results from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).PloS one · 2021Article
- Vitamin D Status Is Not Associated with Cognitive or Motor Function in Pre-School Ugandan Children.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Vitamin D status in early childhood is not associated with cognitive development and linear growth at 6-9 years of age in North Indian children: a cohort study.Nutrition journal · 2020Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThere is little information regarding motor development of children born at term with low birth weight (LBW), a group that constitutes a large proportion of children in South Asia. We used data from infancy and at school age from a LBW cohort to investigate children's motor performance using causal inference.
designCross-sectional follow-up study.
settingDelhi, India.
participantsWe recruited 912 children aged 5 years who had participated in a trial of vitamin D for term LBW infants in the first 6 months of life. OUTCOME MEASURES: We focused on gross motor development, using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) gross motor scale and several measures of motor performance. We examined the effects on these of current anthropometry, vitamin D status and bone health, controlling for age, sex, season of interview, socioeconomic variables, early growth, recent morbidity, sun exposure and animal food intake.
resultsIn adjusted analyses, stunted children (height-for-age Z (HAZ) <-2) took longer to run 20 m (0.52 s, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.70; p<0.001) and had greater odds of a failing score on the ASQ (OR 3.00, 95% CI 1.41 to 6.38, p=0.004). Greater arm muscle area was associated with faster run time, and the ability to perform more stands and squats in 15 s. Poorer vitamin D status was associated with the ability to perform more stands and squats. Lower tibia ultrasound Z score was associated with greater hand grip strength. Early growth and current body mass index had no associations with motor outcomes.
conclusionsCurrent HAZ and arm muscle area showed the strongest associations with gross motor outcomes, likely due to a combination of simple physics and factors associated with stunting. The counterintuitive inverse associations of tibia health and vitamin D status with outcomes may require further research.
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