ArticleWorld journal of microbiology & biotechnology2016
Salmonella typhimurium-induced M1 macrophage polarization is dependent on the bacterial O antigen.
Article in World journal of microbiology & biotechnology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- DC-SIGN (CD209)-mediated interactions between bacteria, lung cancer tissues, and macrophages promote cancer metastasis.Infectious agents and cancer · 2025Article
- Mechanism of Mongolian Medicine Batri-7 onJournal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Immunohistochemical Characterization of M1, M2, and M4 Macrophages in Leprosy Skin Lesions.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Neutrophil-Mediated Tumor-Targeting Delivery System of Oncolytic Bacteria Combined with ICB for Melanoma Lung Metastasis Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- M1/M2 macrophages and their overlaps - myth or reality?Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2023Article
- Bacteria and macrophages in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium sseK3 induces apoptosis and enhances glycolysis in macrophages.BMC microbiology · 2020Article
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm is a potent inducer of phagocyte hyperinflammation.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2019Article
- Functional aspects, phenotypic heterogeneity, and tissue immune response of macrophages in infectious diseases.Infection and drug resistance · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recently, macrophages were shown to be capable of differentiating toward two phenotypes after antigen stimulation: a classically activated (M1) or an alternatively activated phenotype (M2). To investigate the effect of Salmonella enteric serovar typhimurium (S. typhimurium) on macrophage differentiation, we compared macrophage phenotypes after infection of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages with wild-type S. typhimurium and its isogenic rfc mutant. S. typhimurium C5 induced M1 macrophage polarization and enhanced inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by macrophages; this induction was dependent on Toll-like receptor 4. In contrast, the Δrfc mutant (S. typhimurium C5 rfc::Km(r)) lost this function and induced an M2 response in the macrophages. Here, we propose that S. typhimurium C5 is capable of polarizing macrophages towards the M1 phenotype and that this polarization is dependent on the O antigen encoded by rfc. Our finding indicates that M1 macrophage polarization induced by S. typhimurium may be related to the ability of this intracellular bacterium to survive and replicate within macrophages, which is essential for systemic disease.
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