ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2016
Scale-up of Routine Viral Load Testing in Resource-Poor Settings: Current and Future Implementation Challenges.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03553693 (Optimizing HIV Viral Load Monitoring and Outcomes for High Risk Populations), which is not on this map. Cited by 166 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Optimizing HIV Viral Load Monitoring and Outcomes for High Risk Populations
Who cites it
166 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Dried Blood Spots to Assess Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Pooled it
- Viral load monitoring for people living with HIV in the era of test and treat: progress made and challenges ahead - a systematic review.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic review of the performance and clinical utility of point of care HIV-1 RNA testing for diagnosis and care.PloS one · 2019Pooled it
- Medication adherence in pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus receiving antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2018Pooled it
- Performance of the Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load Assay: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2018Pooled it
- Improved HIV-1 Viral Load Monitoring Capacity Using Pooled Testing With Marker-Assisted Deconvolution.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Pooled it
- Feasibility of antiretroviral treatment monitoring in the era of decentralized HIV care: a systematic review.AIDS research and therapy · 2017Pooled it
- Trial
- Point-of-care viral load testing among adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Haiti: a randomized control trial.AIDS care · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Routine versus Targeted Viral Load Strategy among Patients Starting Antiretroviral in Hanoi, Vietnam.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Trial
- Antiretroviral Therapy for the Prevention of HIV-1 Transmission.The New England journal of medicine · 2016Trial
- A Scoping Review Assessing the Relationship Between Structural, Functional, and Perceived Social Support with Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in the Last Decade.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Navigating Multifaceted Barriers: A Qualitative Exploration of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Hispanic People with HIV in Texas.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Trends in frequency of HIV viral load and CD4 cell count monitoring among Asian cohort of adults with HIV: an analysis of the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database, 2003-2018.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Trends and spatial distribution of low-level viremia among Ugandan children and adolescents, 2014-2023.PloS one · 2026Article
- Feasibility and acceptability of task sharing collection of HIV viral load dried blood spot samples with community lay cadres: A cross-sectional diagnostic validation study in Zimbabwe.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- The successful scaling-up of antiretroviral therapy globally has many lessons for advancing universal health coverage: progress at risk.Globalization and health · 2025Article
- Comparison of dried blood spot (DBS) and plasma HIV-1 viral load measurements using Roche COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan assay, Northwest Ethiopia.Virology journal · 2025Article
106 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Despite immense progress in antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale-up, many people still lack access to basic standards of care, with our ability to meet the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 90-90-90 treatment targets for HIV/AIDS dependent on dramatic improvements in diagnostics. The World Health Organization recommends routine monitoring of ART effectiveness using viral load (VL) testing at 6 months and every 12 months, to monitor treatment adherence and minimize failure, and will publish its VL toolkit later this year. However, the cost and complexity of VL is preventing scale-up beyond developed countries and there is a lack of awareness among clinicians as to the long-term patient benefits and its role in prolonging the longevity of treatment programs. With developments in this diagnostic field rapidly evolving-including the recent improvements for accurately using dried blood spots and the imminent appearance to the market of point-of-care technologies offering decentralized diagnosis-we describe current barriers to VL testing in resource-limited settings. Effective scale-up can be achieved through health system and laboratory system strengthening and test price reductions, as well as tackling multiple programmatic and funding challenges.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.