ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2016
Ethnic Kawasaki Disease Risk Associated with Blood Mercury and Cadmium in U.S. Children.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kawasaki disease and outdoor environmental stressors: a scoping review.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Review
- Exposure to Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic Among Asian and Non-Asian Children and Adolescents in the United States: NHANES 2015-2018.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2025Article
- Association between maternal heavy metal exposure and Kawasaki Disease, the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The position of geochemical variables as causal co-factors of diseases of unknown aetiology.SN applied sciences · 2022Review
- Blood Mercury Levels in Children with Kawasaki Disease and Disease Outcome.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants-ASIA-related to biomaterials: analysis of 45 cases and comprehensive review of the literature.Immunologic research · 2018Article
- Blood levels of lead and mercury and celiac disease seropositivity: the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2017Article
- Children's Exposure to Environmental Contaminants: An Editorial Reflection of Articles in the IJERPH Special Issue Entitled, "Children's Exposure to Environmental Contaminants".International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) primarily affects children <5 years of age (75%-80%) and is currently the leading cause of acquired heart disease in developed nations. Even when residing in the West, East Asian children are 10 to 20 times more likely to develop KD. We hypothesized cultural variations influencing pediatric mercury (Hg) exposure from seafood consumption may mediate ethnic KD risk among children in the United States. Hospitalization rates of KD in US children aged 0-4 years (n = 10,880) and blood Hg levels in US children aged 1-5 years (n = 713) were determined using separate US federal datasets. Our cohort primarily presented with blood Hg levels <0.1 micrograms (µg) per kg bodyweight (96.5%) that are considered normal and subtoxic. Increased ethnic KD risk was significantly associated with both increasing levels and detection rates of blood Hg or cadmium (Cd) in a linear dose-responsive manner between ethnic African, Asian, Caucasian, and Hispanic children in the US (p ≤ 0.05). Increasing low-dose exposure to Hg or Cd may induce KD or contribute to its later development in susceptible children. However, our preliminary results require further replication in other ethnic populations, in addition to more in-depth examination of metal exposure and toxicokinetics.
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