ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2016
Breastmilk from obese mothers has pro-inflammatory properties and decreased neuroprotective factors.
Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 71 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
BMI-Based Prenatal Vitamins to Ameliorate Oxidative Stress in Obese Pregnancy
Analysis of the Transmission of Overweight/Obesity in the Mother-breastmilk-child Triad in Relation to Maternal Cardiometabolic Status and Diet
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Calcium, zinc, and vitamin D in breast milk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International breastfeeding journal · 2023Pooled it
- The impact of maternal obesity on human milk macronutrient composition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Obesity Attenuates Response to Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation During Pregnancy.Nutrients · 2018Trial
- The Association Between Pre-Pregnancy Excess Weight and the Omega-6/Omega-3 Ratio in Breast Milk: A Directed Acyclic Graph-Based Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Maternal obesity during lactation as a hypertensive cardiovascular risk factor in the offspring.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- Maternal obesity and the embryonic rewiring of feeding circuits: Beyond the hypothalamus.Molecular metabolism · 2026Review
- Literature-based human milk nutrient composition values for use in North American food composition databases.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Review
- Exploring the Endocannabinoid System's Influence on Mammary Tissue and Breast Milk Inflammation in Maternal Chronic Obesity.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Assessment of maternal diet inflammatory status and inflammatory markers in human breast milk.PloS one · 2026Article
- From nutrient-based to food-based assessment: the evolution of inflammatory indices and their significance for metabolic syndrome and type 3 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- The "pro-inflammatory imprint" of ultra-processed food exposure: a review of mechanisms affecting child and adolescent health and development via the gut microbiome-inflammation axis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Mechanistic Pathways of Gestational Obesity: Implications for Maternal and Offspring Health: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Neurodevelopmental Pathways from Maternal Obesity to Offspring Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Cognitive and Behavioral Consequences Across Development.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Home as a Modulator of Milk Immunity: Association Between Domestic Factors and Immune Cell Populations in Human Breast Milk.Nutrients · 2025Article
- The Associations of Maternal Prepregnancy Body Mass Index With Human Milk Fatty Acid and Phospholipid Composition in the Observational Norwegian Human Milk Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Observational
- Maternal adiposity moderates associations between dietary, serum, and human milk n-3 and n-6 PUFA.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Maternal Obesity and Neurodevelopment of the Offspring.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The Impact of Maternal Chronic Inflammatory Conditions on Breast Milk Composition: Possible Influence on Offspring Metabolic Programming.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Longitudinal analysis of carotenoid content in preterm human milk.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the impact of maternal obesity on breastmilk composition. STUDY
designBreastmilk and food records from 21 lean and 21 obese women who delivered full-term infants were analyzed at 2 months post-partum. Infant growth and adiposity were measured at birth and 2 months of age.
resultBreastmilk from obese mothers had higher omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio and lower concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docasapentaenoic acid and lutein compared with lean mothers (P<0.05), which were strongly associated with maternal body mass index. Breastmilk saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid concentrations were positively associated with maternal dietary inflammation, as measured by dietary inflammatory index. There were no differences in infant growth measurements.
conclusionBreastmilk from obese mothers has a pro-inflammatory fatty acid profile and decreased concentrations of fatty acids and carotenoids that have been shown to have a critical role in early visual and neurodevelopment. Studies are needed to determine the link between these early-life influences and subsequent cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.