ArticleMolecular carcinogenesis2016
Cannabinoid receptor-2 agonist inhibits macrophage induced EMT in non-small cell lung cancer by downregulation of EGFR pathway.
Article in Molecular carcinogenesis, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Review
- Editorial: The role of cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in anti-cancer therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- EMT and cancer stem cells: Drivers of therapy resistance and promising therapeutic targets.Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2025Review
- The potential role of cannabidiol (CBD) in lung cancer therapy: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Cannabinoid Receptor 2 (CB2) in Macrophages: A Promising Clinical Target for Immune Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The role and clinical significance of tumor-associated macrophages in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Single-cell transcriptomics and machine learning unveil ferroptosis features in tumor-associated macrophages: Prognostic model and therapeutic strategies for lung adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Tumor associated macrophages as key contributors and targets in current and future therapies for melanoma.Expert review of clinical immunology · 2024Review
- From complexity to clarity: unravelling tumor heterogeneity through the lens of tumor microenvironment for innovative cancer therapy.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2024Review
- Crosstalk Between Macrophages and Breast Cancer Cells: Networking Within Tumors.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2024Review
- Unveiling the contribution of tumor-associated macrophages in driving epithelial-mesenchymal transition: a review of mechanisms and therapeutic Strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Intervention Effects of Physical Activity on Type 2 Diabetic Patients Potentially Infected with COVID-19.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Shedding light on macrophage immunotherapy in lung cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Silencing TAB182 inhibits cell EMT, migration and invasion by downregulating EGFR in A549 NSCLC cells.Molecular biology reports · 2023Article
- Cannabinoids as Prospective Anti-Cancer Drugs: Mechanism of Action in Healthy and Cancer Cells.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by tumor microenvironmental signals and its implication in cancer therapeutics.Seminars in cancer biology · 2023Review
- Cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in immunotherapy: helpful or harmful?Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Discovery of a pyrano[2,3-b]pyridine derivative YX-2102 as a cannabinoid receptor 2 agonist for alleviating lung fibrosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects of Cannabinoids: An Updated Review with Future Perspectives and Current Challenges.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
JWH-015, a cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) agonist has tumor regressive property in various cancer types. However, the underlying mechanism by which it acts in lung cancer is still unknown. Tumor associated macrophage (TAM) intensity has positive correlation with tumor progression. Also, macrophages recruited at the tumor site promote tumor growth by enhancing epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) progression. In this study, we analyzed the role of JWH-015 on EMT and macrophage infiltration by regulation of EGFR signaling. JWH-015 inhibited EMT in NSCLC cells A549 and also reversed the mesenchymal nature of CALU-1 cells by downregulation of EGFR signaling targets like ERK and STAT3. Also, in vitro co-culture experiments of A549 with M2 polarized macrophages provided evidence that JWH-015 decreased migratory and invasive abilities which was proved by reduced expression of FAK, VCAM1, and MMP2. Furthermore, it decreased macrophage induced EMT in A549 by attenuating the mesenchymal character by downregulating EGFR and its targets. These results were confirmed in an in vivo subcutaneous syngenic mouse model where JWH-015 blocks tumor growth and also inhibits macrophage recruitment and EMT at the tumor site which was regulated by EGFR pathway. Finally, JWH-015 reduced lung tumor lesions in an in vivo tumorigenicity mouse model. These data confer the impact of this cannabinoid on anti-proliferative and anti-tumorigenic effects, thus enhancing our understanding of its therapeutic efficacy in NSCLC. Our findings open new avenues for cannabinoid receptor CB2 agonist-JWH-015 as a novel and potential therapeutic target based on EGFR downregulation mechanisms in NSCLC. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.