ArticleNeurotoxicity research2016
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide, A Potential Therapeutic Agent for Diabetic Retinopathy in Rats: Focus on the Vertical Information Processing Pathway.
Article in Neurotoxicity research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- PAC1 receptor agonist maxadilan alleviates corneal inflammation in a murine model of LPS-induced ocular inflammation.PloS one · 2026Article
- Protective Effects of PACAP in Diabetic Complications: Retinopathy, Nephropathy and Neuropathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Protective Effect of Topical PACAP38 in Retinal Morphology and Function of Type 2 Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- C-terminal binding protein 2 promotes high-glucose-triggered cell proliferation, angiogenesis and cellular adhesion of human retinal endothelial cell line.International ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Protective Effects of PACAP in a Rat Model of Diabetic Neuropathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- PACAP and NAP: Effect of Two Functionally Related Peptides in Diabetic Retinopathy.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2021Review
- Stability Test of PACAP in Eye Drops.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2021Article
- PACAP-38 in Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Humans and Pigs: A Translational Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Relevance of Peptide Homeostasis in Metabolic Retinal Degenerative Disorders: Curative Potential in Genetically Modified Mice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Age-related alterations of articular cartilage in pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) gene-deficient mice.GeroScience · 2019Article
- Neuroprotective Peptides in Retinal Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Retinoprotective Effects of TAT-Bound Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide and Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2019Article
- Spatiotemporal Expression Changes of PACAP and Its Receptors in Retinal Ganglion Cells After Optic Nerve Crush.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2019Article
- Relationships Between Neurodegeneration and Vascular Damage in Diabetic Retinopathy.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Review
- Neuroprotective Potential of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide in Retinal Degenerations of Metabolic Origin.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Review
- Inhibition of retinal ganglion cell apoptosis: regulation of mitochondrial function by PACAP.Neural regeneration research · 2018Article
- Alteration of the PAC1 Receptor Expression in the Basal Ganglia of MPTP-Induced Parkinsonian Macaque Monkeys.Neurotoxicity research · 2018Article
- Passage through the Ocular Barriers and Beneficial Effects in Retinal Ischemia of Topical Application of PACAP1-38 in Rodents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Article
- PACAP Is Protective in a Rat Model of Retinopathy of Prematurity.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2016Article
- The Protective Role of PAC1-Receptor Agonist Maxadilan in BCCAO-Induced Retinal Degeneration.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neurotrophic and neuroprotective peptide that has been shown to exert protective effects in different neuronal injuries, such as retinal degenerations. Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the most common complication of diabetes, affects the microvasculature and neuronal architecture of the retina. We have proven earlier that PACAP is also protective in a rat model of DR. In this study, streptozotocin-induced DR was treated with intravitreal PACAP administration in order to further analyze the synaptic structure and proteins of PACAP-treated diabetic retinas, primarily in the vertical information processing pathway. Streptozotocin-treated Wistar rats received intravitreal PACAP injection three times into the right eye 2 weeks after the induction of diabetes. Morphological and molecular biological (qRT-PCR; Western blot) methods were used to analyze retinal synapses (ribbons, conventional) and related structures. Electron microscopic analysis revealed that retinal pigment epithelium, the ribbon synapses and other synaptic profiles suffered alterations in diabetes. However, in PACAP-treated diabetic retinas more bipolar ribbon synapses were found intact in the inner plexiform layer than in DR animals. The ribbon synapse was marked with C-terminal binding protein 2/Bassoon and formed horseshoe-shape ribbons, which were more retained in PACAP-treated diabetic retinas than in DR rats. These results are supported by molecular biological data. The selective degeneration of related structures such as bipolar and ganglion cells could be ameliorated by PACAP treatment. In summary, intravitreal administration of PACAP may have therapeutic potential in streptozotocin-induced DR through maintaining synapse integrity in the vertical pathway.
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