ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016
Sex-specific silencing of X-linked genes by Xist RNA.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Forensic evaluation of the reliability and validity of XIST and RPS4Y1 RNA biomarkers as sex discriminators for touch samples.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Female reproductive status and ecological conditions impact the magnitude of sex differences in human immune status across the lifespan.Research square · 2026Article
- Long non-coding RNAs and accelerated aging in bipolar disorder.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- Rat Glioma 101.8 Tissue Strain: Molecular and Morphological Features.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex-biased gene expression precedes sexual dimorphism in the agonadal annelid Platynereis dumerilii.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- Multifaceted role of CTCF in X-chromosome inactivation.Chromosoma · 2024Review
- Sex-biased gene expression precedes sexual dimorphism in the agonadal annelidbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Epigenomic states contribute to coordinated allelic transcriptional bursting in iPSC reprogramming.Life science alliance · 2024Article
- A multi-omics systems vaccinology resource to develop and test computational models of immunity.Cell reports methods · 2024Article
- Review
- The long noncoding RNA FEDORA is a cell type- and sex-specific regulator of depression.Science advances · 2022Article
- Genetics and Epigenetics of the X and Y Chromosomes in the Sexual Differentiation of the Brain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Single-cell analysis reveals X upregulation is not global in pre-gastrulation embryos.iScience · 2022Article
- Activation of Xist by an evolutionarily conserved function of KDM5C demethylase.Nature communications · 2022Article
- LncRNA XIST Prevents Tendon Adhesion and Promotes Tendon Repair Through the miR-26a-5p/COX2 Pathway.Molecular biotechnology · 2022Article
- Expression of long noncoding RNAFrontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- X-linked histone H3K27 demethylase Kdm6a regulates sexually dimorphic differentiation of hypothalamic neurons.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Article
- Semicoordinated allelic-bursting shape dynamic random monoallelic expression in pregastrulation embryos.iScience · 2021Article
- Decapping enzyme 1A breaks X-chromosome symmetry by controlling Tsix elongation and RNA turnover.Nature cell biology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
X-inactive specific transcript (Xist) long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is thought to catalyze silencing of X-linked genes in cis during X-chromosome inactivation, which equalizes X-linked gene dosage between male and female mammals. To test the impact of Xist RNA on X-linked gene silencing, we ectopically induced endogenous Xist by ablating the antisense repressor Tsix in mice. We find that ectopic Xist RNA induction and subsequent X-linked gene silencing is sex specific in embryos and in differentiating embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs). A higher frequency of X(ΔTsix)Y male cells displayed ectopic Xist RNA coating compared with X(ΔTsix)X female cells. This increase reflected the inability of X(ΔTsix)Y cells to efficiently silence X-linked genes compared with X(ΔTsix)X cells, despite equivalent Xist RNA induction and coating. Silencing of genes on both Xs resulted in significantly reduced proliferation and increased cell death in X(ΔTsix)X female cells relative to X(ΔTsix)Y male cells. Thus, whereas Xist RNA can inactivate the X chromosome in females it may not do so in males. We further found comparable silencing in differentiating X(ΔTsix)Y and 39,X(ΔTsix) (X(ΔTsix)O) ESCs, excluding the Y chromosome and instead implicating the X-chromosome dose as the source of the sex-specific differences. Because X(ΔTsix)X female embryonic epiblast cells and EpiSCs harbor an inactivated X chromosome prior to ectopic inactivation of the active X(ΔTsix) X chromosome, we propose that the increased expression of one or more X-inactivation escapees activates Xist and, separately, helps trigger X-linked gene silencing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.